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. 2019 Feb 8;9:1693. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-38412-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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NMDAR-cLTP enlarges dendritic spines and their PSDs. (a,d) Fields of view of SBEM scan. (b,e) Example reconstructions of spines (white) with PDS-coress (red) from bricks of the control and cLTP-treated OHCs. Cubes are 1 × 1 × 1 μm. (c,f) PSD-core reconstructions from the same samples. (g) Spine density is not affected by cLTP (t-test, t(6) = 0.88, p = 0.41). (h) Spine volume is increased in the stimulated group (Mann-Whitney test, U = 6838, p = 0.02) as are the parameters of the PSD-core: (i) area (Mann-Whitney test, U = 4922, p < 0.0001) and (j) volume (Mann-Whitney test, U = 4969, p < 0.0001). (k) PSD area to dendritic spine volume ratio (Mann-Whitney test, U = 4708, p < 0.0001) and (l) PSD-core volume to dendritic spine volume ratio increases during cLTP (Mann-Whitney test, U = 4476, p < 0.0001). (m) cLTP in OHC is linked with slight increase of spine volume (white) and a large increase of PSD-core volume and area (red). *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001. Mean ± SEM are shown for (g), median ± IQR for (h–l). Axes are log10.