Table 4.

Contribution to changes in the life table entropy (H) due to changes in early (premature) and late (older) deaths in life expectancy at birth (e₀) and in life expectancy lost due to death (e^†) for males and females for 18 countries in Latin America.

Period	Males									Females
		Overall contribution				% contribution					Overall contribution				% contribution
	Pred	δe†/e†		−δe0/e0		δe†/e†		δe0/e0		Pred	δe†/e†		−δe0/e0		δe†/e†		δe0/e0
	Δ in Ha	Early	Late	Early	Late	Early	Late	Early	Late	Δ in Ha	Early	Late	Early	Late	Early	Late	Early	Late
Argentina
1953–1965	−0.028	−0.018	0.000	−0.006	−0.004	64.4	0.9	20.5	14.3	−0.035	−0.023	0.001	−0.006	−0.005	67.5	−2.0	18.7	15.8
1965–1975	−0.016	−0.012	0.002	−0.003	−0.002	78.9	−15.3	22.0	14.4	−0.017	−0.014	0.002	−0.003	−0.002	83.1	−14.0	18.7	12.2
1975–1985	−0.033	−0.021	−0.002	−0.005	−0.005	62.8	5.4	16.5	15.3	−0.029	−0.021	−0.002	−0.004	−0.002	70.1	7.8	14.3	7.8
1985–1996	−0.011	−0.008	0.001	−0.002	−0.003	69.9	−10.0	15.5	24.5	−0.014	−0.011	0.001	−0.002	−0.002	76.2	−4.0	13.0	14.8
1996–2005	−0.017	−0.011	−0.001	−0.002	−0.003	63.7	6.6	13.4	16.3	−0.011	−0.009	0.001	−0.001	−0.001	82.8	−5.0	12.6	9.7
Brazil
1985–1995	−0.035	−0.023	0.005	−0.007	−0.010	65.7	−13.9	21.1	27.0	−0.034	−0.027	0.008	−0.007	−0.008	79.7	−22.2	19.7	22.7
1995–2005	−0.032	−0.020	0.000	−0.006	−0.006	63.4	−0.4	17.3	19.8	−0.028	−0.021	0.000	−0.004	−0.003	74.7	−1.2	14.7	11.7
Chile
1956–1965	−0.062	−0.027	−0.006	−0.014	−0.015	44.4	9.0	22.7	23.9	−0.069	−0.032	−0.007	−0.014	−0.015	46.2	10.8	20.8	22.2
1965–1976	−0.090	−0.044	−0.005	−0.018	−0.022	49.6	5.0	20.6	24.8	−0.090	−0.050	−0.007	−0.018	−0.014	56.1	8.3	19.6	16.0
1976–1987	−0.058	−0.034	−0.003	−0.010	−0.011	58.2	5.8	17.1	18.9	−0.055	−0.036	−0.003	−0.008	−0.007	65.9	5.8	15.2	13.0
1987–1997	−0.029	−0.018	−0.002	−0.004	−0.006	61.1	5.2	13.6	20.1	−0.023	−0.017	0.000	−0.003	−0.003	75.3	−0.2	12.3	12.6
1997–2006	−0.019	−0.012	−0.002	−0.002	−0.003	63.0	11.3	11.8	13.9	−0.014	−0.010	−0.001	−0.001	−0.001	72.5	8.0	9.9	9.6
Colombia
1957–1968	−0.090	−0.030	−0.017	−0.016	−0.027	33.1	18.9	18.2	29.9	−0.087	−0.034	−0.010	−0.017	−0.026	38.7	11.9	19.2	30.2
1968–1979	−0.075	−0.039	−0.001	−0.016	−0.019	52.2	1.4	21.5	24.9	−0.085	−0.046	−0.007	−0.017	−0.015	53.9	8.3	19.7	18.0
1979–1989	−0.016	−0.013	0.003	−0.004	−0.003	76.7	−15.3	22.2	16.4	−0.041	−0.028	−0.002	−0.007	−0.005	66.9	5.5	16.6	11.0
1989–1999	−0.022	−0.011	0.000	−0.003	−0.007	52.3	0.3	15.2	32.1	−0.022	−0.014	−0.001	−0.003	−0.005	63.8	2.7	12.9	20.6
1999–2008	−0.035	−0.019	−0.005	−0.005	−0.005	55.0	15.4	14.8	14.8	−0.021	−0.013	−0.003	−0.002	−0.003	62.6	14.0	10.9	12.5
Costa Rica
1956–1968	−0.061	−0.031	−0.007	−0.013	−0.011	50.6	10.8	20.4	18.2	−0.067	−0.035	−0.008	−0.013	−0.012	52.0	11.5	19.1	17.4
1968–1978	−0.068	−0.043	−0.001	−0.013	−0.010	63.7	0.8	20.0	15.5	−0.072	−0.047	−0.002	−0.013	−0.011	65.0	2.7	17.7	14.6
1978–1992	−0.037	−0.025	−0.003	−0.006	−0.003	67.2	8.9	15.0	CO CO*	−0.035	−0.025	−0.002	−0.005	−0.003	72.7	6.5	13.0	7.9
1992–2005	−0.010	−0.008	0.001	−0.001	−0.002	80.0	−15.0	14.3	20.7	−0.013	−0.010	0.001	−0.001	−0.002	80.1	−5.4	11.1	14.2
Cuba
1961–1975	−0.048	−0.030	−0.001	−0.008	−0.009	62.5	1.6	16.9	19.0	−0.051	−0.032	−0.004	−0.008	−0.008	61.7	7.9	15.2	15.2
1975–1991	−0.025	−0.017	−0.004	−0.003	−0.001	66.7	15.9	13.4	4.0	−0.028	−0.020	−0.003	−0.004	−0.001	72.5	11.2	12.7	3.6
1991–2006	−0.018	−0.015	0.002	−0.003	−0.002	85.5	−13.9	15.1	13.3	−0.016	−0.015	0.004	−0.002	−0.002	97.0	−25.6	14.2	14.4
Dominican Republic
1955–1965	−0.089	−0.022	−0.011	−0.014	−0.042	25.1	12.3	15.6	47.0	−0.093	−0.025	−0.011	−0.015	−0.042	27.2	11.8	16.0	45.0
1965–1975	−0.058	−0.025	−0.009	−0.012	−0.012	43.3	15.6	21.0	20.2	−0.061	−0.028	−0.008	−0.013	−0.013	45.8	13.1	20.5	20.6
1975–1987	−0.057	−0.031	−0.002	−0.012	−0.012	53.9	3.7	21.1	21.2	−0.073	−0.038	−0.005	−0.014	−0.016	52.2	7.2	18.7	21.9
1987–1997	−0.030	−0.020	0.003	−0.006	−0.008	64.8	−11.4	20.1	26.5	−0.036	−0.024	0.000	−0.006	−0.006	66.7	−1.1	17.1	17.3
1997–2006	−0.027	−0.017	−0.004	−0.004	−0.002	62.0	15.5	16.7	5.8	−0.021	−0.016	−0.002	−0.003	0.000	73.1	9.6	15.0	2.2
Ecuador
1956–1968	−0.121	−0.022	−0.018	−0.015	−0.066	18.1	14.8	12.7	54.4	−0.116	−0.026	−0.022	−0.017	−0.050	22.7	19.2	14.8	43.3
1968–1978	−0.066	−0.030	−0.004	−0.015	−0.017	45.0	6.3	23.0	25.7	−0.079	−0.034	−0.007	−0.016	−0.021	43.5	9.0	20.5	27.0
1978–1986	−0.065	−0.033	−0.008	−0.013	−0.011	50.7	11.6	20.5	17.2	−0.068	−0.039	−0.007	−0.014	−0.009	57.4	9.7	20.2	12.8
1986–1995	−0.031	−0.021	0.002	−0.007	−0.005	68.0	−6.1	20.9	17.2	−0.039	−0.027	0.000	−0.007	−0.005	69.7	−0.7	17.8	13.3
1995–2005	−0.036	−0.022	−0.002	−0.006	−0.006	60.5	5.9	16.4	17.2	−0.035	−0.025	−0.002	−0.005	−0.004	70.5	4.3	14.6	10.6
El Salvador
1955–1966	−0.117	−0.018	−0.016	−0.013	−0.071	15.0	13.5	11.3	60.3	−0.123	−0.024	−0.018	−0.017	−0.065	19.5	14.3	13.4	52.8
1966–1981	−0.047	−0.028	0.004	−0.015	−0.008	58.7	−7.6	32.8	16.0	−0.097	−0.041	−0.004	−0.020	−0.031	42.3	4.6	20.9	32.1
1981–1999	−0.113	−0.049	−0.008	−0.023	−0.033	43.0	7.5	20.3	29.2	−0.109	−0.064	−0.007	−0.022	−0.016	58.4	6.4	20.0	15.2
1999–2008	−0.023	−0.013	−0.003	−0.004	−0.003	54.2	13.9	17.1	14.8	−0.022	−0.015	−0.002	−0.003	−0.001	70.9	8.9	14.1	6.1
Guatemala
1957–1968	−0.086	−0.010	−0.021	−0.008	−0.048	11.2	24.0	9.0	55.8	−0.099	−0.011	−0.011	−0.009	−0.068	11.5	10.8	8.8	68.8
1968–1977	−0.069	−0.019	−0.003	−0.013	−0.034	27.4	5.0	18.2	49.4	−0.085	−0.023	−0.005	−0.014	−0.043	26.5	5.8	16.6	51.0
1977–1987	−0.081	−0.031	−0.008	−0.017	−0.025	38.6	9.9	21.2	30.3	−0.092	−0.039	−0.009	−0.019	−0.025	42.1	9.7	20.7	27.5
1987–1998	−0.063	−0.032	0.003	−0.014	−0.020	51.4	−5.3	21.7	32.1	−0.074	−0.042	−0.002	−0.015	−0.016	56.4	2.2	20.1	21.3
1998–2005	−0.037	−0.016	−0.008	−0.005	−0.008	43.2	20.7	14.7	21.4	−0.029	−0.017	−0.004	−0.004	−0.003	60.3	13.7	15.3	10.8
Honduras
1955–1967	−0.163	−0.009	−0.012	−0.008	−0.134	5.4	7.5	4.6	82.4	−0.163	−0.012	0.006	−0.010	−0.147	7.3	−3.7	5.9	90.5
1967–1981	−0.150	−0.045	0.011	−0.028	−0.088	30.1	−7.5	18.8	58.6	−0.156	−0.054	0.007	−0.031	−0.078	34.8	−4.5	19.8	49.9
1981–1989	−0.053	−0.029	0.000	−0.011	−0.013	54.1	0.1	20.6	25.2	−0.053	−0.032	0.000	−0.010	−0.011	60.8	−0.8	19.3	20.7
Mexico
1955–1965	−0.096	−0.027	−0.013	−0.017	−0.038	28.6	14.0	17.9	39.4	−0.104	−0.035	−0.006	−0.020	−0.043	33.7	5.8	19.2	41.3
1965–1975	−0.058	−0.026	0.004	−0.012	−0.023	45.2	−6.4	21.6	39.6	−0.060	−0.031	−0.002	−0.013	−0.014	52.2	2.9	21.1	23.8
1975–1985	−0.063	−0.031	−0.010	−0.012	−0.010	48.9	15.7	18.9	16.5	−0.066	−0.038	−0.009	−0.012	−0.008	57.2	12.9	18.0	11.9
1985–1995	−0.040	−0.024	−0.003	−0.007	−0.007	58.6	7.5	17.7	16.2	−0.034	−0.023	−0.001	−0.005	−0.003	69.9	4.3	15.8	10.0
1995–2005	−0.035	−0.023	−0.003	−0.006	−0.004	64.3	8.1	16.0	11.6	−0.026	−0.019	−0.002	−0.003	−0.002	73.6	7.0	13.4	6.0
Nicaragua
1956–1967	−0.107	−0.016	−0.005	−0.012	−0.074	14.8	4.9	11.6	68.6	−0.099	−0.021	−0.014	−0.015	−0.049	21.4	13.8	14.9	49.9
1967–1983	−0.130	−0.041	−0.007	−0.025	−0.057	31.6	5.4	19.1	43.9	−0.153	−0.054	−0.013	−0.029	−0.056	35.5	8.4	19.2	36.8
1983–2000	−0.102	−0.049	−0.012	−0.020	−0.021	47.8	11.9	19.7	20.6	−0.076	−0.045	−0.007	−0.014	−0.009	59.7	9.4	18.6	12.4
2000–2007	−0.021	−0.013	−0.004	−0.003	−0.001	62.5	17.7	16.7	3.1	−0.020	−0.015	−0.002	−0.003	0.000	71.9	10.5	15.2	2.4
Panama
1955–1965	−0.057	−0.027	−0.006	−0.011	−0.014	47.0	9.8	19.1	24.1	−0.067	−0.029	−0.010	−0.012	−0.016	43.2	15.0	17.3	24.4
1965–1975	−0.044	−0.027	0.000	−0.009	−0.009	61.1	−0.4	19.7	19.6	−0.049	−0.030	−0.002	−0.009	−0.008	60.5	4.6	18.5	16.5
1975–1985	−0.036	−0.024	0.003	−0.006	−0.009	67.4	−9.3	17.7	24.1	−0.044	−0.028	−0.001	−0.007	−0.008	64.2	1.3	15.4	19.0
1985–1995	−0.014	−0.010	0.000	−0.002	−0.002	70.5	2.5	15.2	11.8	−0.018	−0.014	0.000	−0.003	−0.002	76.9	−0.4	14.1	9.5
Paraguay
1956–1967	−0.036	−0.019	−0.004	−0.007	−0.007	51.7	10.3	19.7	18.3	−0.043	−0.020	−0.008	−0.007	−0.007	47.6	19.4	17.5	15.6
1967–1977	−0.018	−0.013	0.001	−0.004	−0.002	69.6	−4.8	22.8	12.4	−0.022	−0.014	0.000	−0.004	−0.004	64.5	−0.4	19.9	16.0
1977–1987	−0.033	−0.019	−0.004	−0.006	−0.004	58.7	12.4	17.8	11.2	−0.038	−0.022	−0.005	−0.006	−0.004	59.2	14.3	16.4	10.1
1987–1997	−0.004	−0.004	0.001	−0.001	0.000	92.5	−14.2	21.7	0.0	−0.012	−0.010	0.001	−0.002	−0.001	80.9	−5.4	18.0	6.5
1997–2006	−0.030	−0.017	−0.004	−0.004	−0.005	56.2	11.7	14.4	17.7	−0.030	−0.018	−0.004	−0.004	−0.004	61.4	13.2	13.1	12.3
Peru
1966–1976	−0.110	−0.029	−0.006	−0.019	−0.056	26.6	5.4	17.1	51.0	−0.114	−0.032	−0.014	−0.019	−0.048	28.2	12.5	17.0	42.3
1976–1987	−0.079	−0.035	−0.008	−0.016	−0.019	44.7	10.6	20.9	23.8	−0.082	−0.040	−0.009	−0.017	−0.017	48.3	10.6	20.6	20.5
1987–2000	−0.071	−0.041	−0.006	−0.014	−0.011	57.0	7.9	19.8	15.2	−0.075	−0.046	−0.005	−0.014	−0.010	61.9	6.4	18.9	12.7
2000–2008	−0.036	−0.023	−0.003	−0.006	−0.004	63.6	9.3	16.1	11.0	−0.031	−0.022	−0.003	−0.005	−0.002	70.5	8.2	14.6	6.7
Uruguay
1969–1980	−0.024	−0.016	0.001	−0.004	−0.005	67.3	−3.7	17.6	18.8	−0.025	−0.017	0.000	−0.004	−0.004	70.3	−0.2	14.9	14.9
1980–1990	−0.022	−0.015	−0.001	−0.003	−0.003	66.1	4.6	15.4	13.9	−0.020	−0.016	0.000	−0.003	−0.002	75.9	−1.3	13.7	11.7
1990–2000	−0.010	−0.008	0.002	−0.002	−0.002	82.4	−21.7	16.9	22.4	−0.010	−0.009	0.001	−0.001	−0.001	87.1	−13.0	13.5	12.4
2000–2007	−0.011	−0.007	−0.001	−0.001	−0.002	58.1	10.0	11.5	20.4	−0.008	−0.006	0.000	−0.001	−0.001	73.3	6.0	10.6	10.1
Venezuela
1955–1966	−0.079	−0.039	−0.008	−0.017	−0.016	48.7	9.5	21.3	20.5	−0.086	−0.043	−0.010	−0.017	−0.016	50.1	11.2	20.2	18.5
1966–1976	−0.023	−0.014	−0.004	−0.004	−0.002	58.4	16.2	18.6	6.7	−0.037	−0.022	−0.004	−0.006	−0.006	58.2	10.1	16.5	15.1
1976–1985	−0.031	−0.020	0.001	−0.006	−0.006	63.6	−2.1	18.5	20.0	−0.031	−0.020	−0.002	−0.005	−0.004	65.0	7.5	15.1	12.3
1985–1995	−0.010	−0.006	0.001	−0.002	−0.003	63.2	−13.9	15.6	35.0	−0.016	−0.011	−0.001	−0.002	−0.002	66.2	6.2	12.9	14.7
1995–2006	−0.004	−0.001	0.000	0.000	−0.002	34.7	9.1	7.0	49.2	−0.016	−0.011	−0.001	−0.002	−0.002	68.1	5.3	12.2	14.4

^aPredicted change in H (Pred Δ in H) is estimated as: $\delta H\left[S\left(x,t_1\right)\right]\approx H\left[S\left(x,t_1\right)\right]\left\{\left[\frac{\delta e^{†}[S(x|x<a^{†})]}{e^{†}[S(x)]}+\frac{-\delta e_0|S(x|x<a^{†})]}{e_0[S(x)]}\right]+\left[\frac{\delta e^{†}[S(x|x\ge a^{†})]}{e^{†}[S(x)]}+\frac{-\delta e_0[S(x|x\ge a^{†})]}{e_0[S(x)]}\right]\right\}$(see Appendix F.2); Δ, change. The age that separates premature from older deaths, a^†, is shown in the Appendix Table 2.

Source: Authors’ calculations using data from LAMBdA (Palloni et al., 2014) and Eqs. (3.1)-(3.5).