Table 2.
Important target genes of NF-κB.
| Target gene class | Examples |
|---|---|
| Cytokines, chemokines | IL-1α and -β (84, 85), IL-2 (86), IL-6 (87), IL-8 (88), IL-12 (89), IL-17 (90), TNFα (91), IFNβ (92), IFNγ (93), CCL5 (94), Fractalkine (95), Gro (96) |
| Immune receptors | CCR5 (97), CCR7 (98), CD3 (99), CD23 (FcεRII) (100), CD40 (101), CD137 (102), MHC I (103), Nod2 (104), TCR (105), TLR9 (106), TNFR2 (107), TREM-1 (108) |
| Other receptors | A2A adenosine receptor (109), adrenoceptor α2B (110), EGFR (111), RAGE (112) |
| Adhesion molecules | E-selectin (113), ICAM-1 (114), fibronectin (115), P-selectin (116), VCAM-1 (117) |
| Acute phase proteins | CRP (118), PTX3 (119), serum amyloid A (120) |
| Coagulation regulators | Tissue factor [F3, (121)], F VIII (122), uPA (123), PAI-1 (124) |
| Anti-apoptotic genes | A20 (125), A1 (126), Bcl-2 (127), c-FLIP (128), c-IAP1 and−2 (129), BIRC3 (130), XIAP (131), TRAF1 and TRAF2 (129, 132) |
| Cell cycle regulators | Cyclin D1−3 (133–135), c-Myc (136) |
| Enzymes | COX-2 (137), lipoxygenase (138), iNOS (139, 140), nNOS (141), BACE-1 (142), cathepsin B (143), MMP-1 (144), MMP-3 (145), MMP-9 (146), GSTP-1 (147), G6PD (148), granzyme B (149), HO-1 (150), lysozyme (151), PI3K catalytic subunit (152), PKA-α (153), PKC-δ (154), PLA-2 (155), PLC- δ (156), TERT (157), transglutaminase (158) |
| Stress response genes | Hsp90A (159), superoxide dismutase (160, 161), Ferritin H (162) |
| Growth factors | FGF8 (163), G-CSF (164), M-CSF (165), GM-CSF (166), NGF (167), EPO (168), IGFBP-1 and−2 (169, 170), osteopontin (171), VEGF-C (172) |
| Transcription factors | AR (173), c-Myc (136), c-Rel (174), GATA-3 (175), HIF-1α (176), IRF-1 and−2 (177), IRF-4 (178), IRF-7 (179), LEF1 (180), NFKB1 (181), NFKB2 (182), Nurr1 (183), p53 (184), RelB (185), Stat5a (186) |
| Feedback genes | Neg. feedback: IκBα (187), IκB-ε (188), NLRP2 (189), A20 (125, 190), ABIN-1 and−3 (191), |
| Pos. feedback: XIAP (131, 192), NF-κB transcription factors as mentioned above. | |
| miRNAs | miR-9 (193), miR-21 (194), miR-143 (195), miR-125b and miR-155 (196), miR-146(197), miR-224 (198), for review see (199) |
| Viral genes | Adenovirus E3 (200), CMV (201), EBV (202), HBV (203), HSV-proteins (204), HPV-16 (205), SV-40 (206) |