Table 2.

Differences (95%CI) in baseline BMI and waist circumference across baseline psychological- or language-based acculturation tertiles.

	BMI (kg/m2) beta coefficient (95%CI)	Waist circumference (cm) beta coefficient (95%CI)
Language-based acculturation
More Spanish	Ref.	Ref.
Middle (bilingual)	−0.80 (−1.74, 0.15)	−2.48 (−4.64, −0.31)⁎
More English	−0.98 (−2.10, 0.14)	−1.84 (−4.42, 0.74)
Psychological-based acculturation
More Puerto Rican	Ref.	Ref.
Middle (bicultural)	0.32 (−0.61, 1.24)	0.64 (−1.49, 2.77)
More U.S.	−0.59 (−1.53, 0.34)	−1.55 (−3.71, 0.60)

BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval.

Notes: Psychological-based acculturation was assessed by asking to which cultural group(s) individuals most identified for questions related to attachment and belonging. Language-based acculturation was assessed by asking which language(s) individuals used for usual daily activities. Baseline psychological- and language-based acculturation scores were categorized into tertiles (psychological-based acculturation = more Puerto Rican, 0–14.9; middle, 15–20.9; more U.S., 21–50; language-based acculturation = more Spanish-speaking, 0–8.3; middle, 8.3–34.9; more English-speaking, 35–100). Linear mixed effects regression models were fit to examine baseline psychological- or language-based acculturation tertiles as the predictor and baseline BMI or waist circumference as the outcome, and were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education status, household income, current employment, food insufficiency, health insurance, age at migration, and smoking status.

^⁎p-Value < 0.05.