Figure 4.

Inhibition of Wnt-GSK3β/β-catenin prohibits the SMC differentiation from DPSC clone A32. The A32 clone was induced following the SMC induction protocol with or without the Wnt/β-catenin-specific pharmacological inhibitor, XAV939, as well as the GSK3 inhibitors, SB216763 and LiCl, for 14 d. The mRNA expression of α-SMA, myosin, desmin, and calponin were analysed with qPCR (e–h); the protein levels of p-GSK3β, t-GSK3β, active β-catenin, α-SMA, myosin, and desmin were analysed with western blotting (a, b, and i). The relative band intensities were determined by densitometry (c, d, and j–l). Statistical analysis was performed by using one-way ANOVA. Date are shown as means ± SEM. ^∗P < 0.05 when compared with the control group.