Table 2.
Percentage of US Pregnant Women Who Were Seropositive for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) and Who Were Seronegative for Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 by Demographic and Behavioral Factors: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2006 and 2007–2014
| 1999–2006 | 2007–2014 | HSV-1 Seropositive | HSV-2 Seropositive | HSV-1 and HSV-2 Seronegative | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999–2006 | 2007–2014 | 1999–2006 | 2007–2014 | 1999–2006 | 2007–2014 | |||||||||
| Characteristic | No.a | (%b) | No.a | (%b) | P Valuec | %b | %b | P Valuec | %b | %b | P Valuec | %b | %b | P Valuec |
| Total | 999 | … | 216 | … | 61.5 | 55.7 | .25 | 21.6 | 20.3 | .77 | 28.9 | 33.2 | .42 | |
| Age, y | .47 | |||||||||||||
| 20–29 | 657 | (62.1) | 135 | (58.7) | 61.8 | 52.9 | .21 | 17.1 | 16.3 | .86 | 29.5 | 36.5 | .34 | |
| 30–39 | 342 | (37.9) | 81 | (41.3) | 61.1 | 59.7 | .85 | 29.1 | 25.9 | .70 | 28.0 | 28.4 | .96 | |
| Race/ethnicity | .62 | |||||||||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 477 | (65.3) | 67 | (63.2) | 46.2 | 46.2 | .99 | 15.1 | 18.1d | .66 | 43.9 | 41.4 | .76 | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 130 | (16.6) | 52 | (20.4) | 71.7 | 66.5 | .55 | 58.4 | 41.6 | .07 | 9.8d | 13.6d | .53 | |
| Mexican American | 285 | (18.1) | 46 | (16.3) | 90.4 | 85.6 | .40 | 18.3 | 11.5d | .25 | 5.8d | 9.6d | .42 | |
| Educational level | .64 | |||||||||||||
| High school or less | 474 | (38.1) | 99 | (35.9) | 72.3 | 68.6 | .64 | 23.9 | 22.5 | .84 | 18.9 | 16.6d | .76 | |
| More than high school | 525 | (61.9) | 117 | (64.1) | 54.9 | 48.5 | .34 | 20.2 | 19.0 | .84 | 35.1 | 42.4 | .29 | |
| Marital status | .41 | |||||||||||||
| Married | 657 | (67.4) | 113 | (63.4) | 59.6 | 51.0 | .20 | 14.6 | 15.9 | .81 | 33.3 | 40.8 | .27 | |
| Other | 305 | (32.6) | 102 | (36.6) | 63.7 | 63.6 | .99 | 32.9 | 28.0 | .43 | 22.1 | 20.2 | .78 | |
| Poverty index | .85 | |||||||||||||
| Below poverty level | 238 | (21.7) | 61 | (22.3) | 81.4 | 73.2 | .24 | 31.6 | 19.5 | .05 | 8.2 | 14.4d | .27 | |
| At or above poverty level | 705 | (78.3) | 132 | (77.7) | 55.4 | 49.7 | .38 | 19.6 | 19.0 | .91 | 35.3 | 40.0 | .48 | |
| Age at first sex, y | .84 | |||||||||||||
| ≤15 | 253 | (26.8) | 57 | (27.8) | 67.5 | 60.8 | .48 | 23.7 | 25.3 | .84 | 23.5 | 21.2d | .77 | |
| ≥16 | 651 | (73.2) | 132 | (72.2) | 59.1 | 53.1 | .34 | 21.1 | 17.6 | .51 | 31.2 | 39.4 | .20 | |
| Lifetime sex partners, No. | .24 | |||||||||||||
| ≤3 | 428 | (36.7) | 78 | (42.7) | 63.5 | 46.6 | .03 | 7.3 | 6.8d | .87 | 35.6 | 51.4 | .05 | |
| ≥4 | 470 | (63.3) | 110 | (57.3) | 60.5 | 61.2 | .92 | 30.4 | 29.7 | .91 | 25.0 | 22.1 | .65 | |
Abbreviations: HSV-1, herpes simplex virus type 1; HSV-2, herpes simplex virus type 2.
a
Unweighted No.
b
Weighted percentage.
c
P values for χ2 test (<.05 was considered significant).
d
Relative standard error >30%.