Groups of New Zealand bird species with limited COI divergence. For each species the number of specimens analysed is indicated, as is the neighbour-joining tree profile (≥ 95 = monophyletic with greater than or equal to 95% bootstrap support, < 95 = monophyletic with less than 95% bootstrap support). Whether a species had a local barcode gap and could be reliably identified by CAOS is indicated. Maximum intraspecific as well as both minimum and mean distances between the species are given in percentages. The potential reason(s) for the observed similarity in barcodes is provided along with supporting references [47–52, 54–57, 60–62, 64, 65, 67, 68, 98–104]