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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Neurol. 2018 Nov 27;313:10–15. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.11.007

Table 2.

Diseases and conditions known to exhibit decreased CNS insulin or insulin receptor levels.

Condition/Disease Prevalence in US Decreased CNS Insulin/Receptor Levels
Alzheimer’s disease 5.7 million Craft et al Neurology 1998; Frolich 1998
Aging (65+) 46 million Frolich et al 1998
Pregnancy 4 million live births per year (Azar and Brooks, 2011; Daubert et al., 2007)
Fasting/Hibernation N/A (Florant et al., 1991)
Obesity 160 million (Kaiyala et al., 2000; Stein et al., 1987)
Peripheral Insulin Resistance 100 million Heni et al 2014