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Roles of MPTP in ischemia. In the ischemia, MPTP is open, which leads to loss of the membrane potential and the rupture of OMM. The damaged mitochondria exhibit reduced ATP generation, impaired MRC and increased Ca2+ flux which results in elevated generation of ROS and apoptosis respectively. It is worth noting that elevated ROS levels and apoptosis in turn further exacerbate the damages on MPTP.
