Table 2:

Tuberculosis diagnostic assay performance characteristics

	Sensitivity	Specificity	References
Sputum Xpert
CD4 count <100 cells per μL	40% (20–60)*	99%	STAMP, 25
CD4 count ≥100 cells per μL	43% (23–63)*	99%	STAMP, 25
Urine TB-LAM
CD4 count <100 cells per μL	53%	96%	STAMP, 5,26,27
CD4 count 100 ≥cells per μL	42%	98%	STAMP, 5,26,27
Urine Xpert
CD4 count <100 cells per μL	31%	99%	STAMP, 4
CD4 count ≥100 cells per μL	13%	99%	STAMP, 4

The indicated sensitivity of each test is the sensitivity among individuals in the STAMP trial who provided a specimen and is independent of other test results. In the model, diagnostic yields instead of sensitivities were used for multitest strategies to better reflect concordance between tests and incremental diagnostic yields. In multitest strategies the lowest specificity of any individual test was applied, as informed by previously published studies. Xpert=GeneXpert assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance. STAMP=Rapid Urine-based Screening for Tuberculosis to Reduce AIDS-related Mortality in Hospitalised Patients in Africa randomised trial. TB-LAM=lateral flow urine assay for M tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan.

^*Ranges (shown in brackets) were assessed in sensitivity analyses.