FIG. 1.

Mean HbA1c for groups of subjects registered in the Type 1 Diabetes Exchange as of 2016–2018 (1), self-reported data, displayed by age: (A) race/ethnicity; (B) family income; (C) insulin administration using MDI or CSII, (D) glucose monitoring using SMBG or CGM; (E) average number of glucose values per day for users of SMBG from above downword, in four categories (0–3, 4–6, 6–9, or >9). Graphs show data from supplementary materials of Ref.,¹ table S5. CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; MDI, multiple daily injections; CSII, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.