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. 2018 Aug 21;22(1):24–38. doi: 10.1038/s41391-018-0079-0

Table 2.

Mechanisms of action for androgen-targeted therapy options

Therapeutic options Mechanism of action
Orchiectomy Surgically remove both testes to reduce T production
Antiandrogens Block the androgen receptor to reduce effects of T signaling in the cell
LHRH agonist Overstimulate the pituitary gland to downregulate the GnRH receptor and decrease LH production, which lowers T production in the testes
LHRH antagonists Block the GnRH receptor to decrease LH production, which lowers T production in the testes
Androgen pathway inhibitors Target the androgen pathway to inhibit T synthesis or reduce AR signaling