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. 2019 Feb 1;42(1):24–28. doi: 10.18773/austprescr.2019.006

Table 2. Non-drug causes of hyperthermia and muscle rigidity.

Non-drug-induced causes Associated features
Severe catatonia Severe rigidity accompanied by psychosis, severe affective disorder, stupor
Heat stroke Extreme dehydration, exercise or stress in hot, humid environments particularly in patients taking diuretics
Central nervous system infection General malaise, neurological deterioration, meningeal irritation
Tetanus Trismus, muscle spasm starting from the neck down, profuse sweating, spasticity intensified by stimuli
Thyrotoxicosis Tachycardia, tremor and hypertension
Phaeochromocytoma Tachycardia, hypertension and tremor, diaphoresis, agitation