Table 1.
Demographic and clinical baseline characteristics of the study participants.
| Variable | No Delirium (n = 58) | Delirium (n = 22) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender male | 28 (48.3) | 9 (40.9) | 0.555 * |
| Age in years | 80.4 ± 7.5 | 85.8 ± 4.1 | 0.002 ‡ |
| MMSE || | 25.0 (22.0–28.0) | 20.0 (17.3–24.3) | 0.000 † |
| Katz ADL score ¶ | 0.0 (0.0–3.0) | 3.5 (1.0–11.3) | 0.013 † |
| OARS-IADL score # | 5.0 (0.0–10.0) | 10.0 (3.0–14.0) | 0.037 † |
| Barthel Index ** | 18.0 (13.0–20.0) | 16.0 (9.0–19.0) | 0.050 † |
| ISAR score †† | 4.0 (2.5–6.0) | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 0.000 † |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index ‡‡ | 2.00 (1.00–3.00) | 2.00 (1.00–3.25) | 0.202 † |
| eGFR (mL/min) | 64.3 ± 25.3 | 48.0 ± 24.7 | 0.011 ‡ |
| Aspirin at admission | 27 (46.6) | 9 (40.9) | 0.651 * |
| Type of aspirin: | |||
| Acetylsalicylic acid | 12 (44.4) | 5 (55.6) | |
| Carbasalate calcium | 15 (55.6) | 4 (44.4) | |
| Beta-blockers | 17 (29.3) | 6 (27.3) | 0.857 * |
| Diuretics | 22 (37.9) | 7 (31.8) | 0.612 * |
| ACE inhibitors | 14 (24.1) | 6 (27.3) | 0.772 * |
| Angiotensin II receptor antagonists | 8 (13.8) | 2 (9.1) | 0.719 § |
| Calcium channel blockers | 13 (22.4) | 3 (13.6) | 0.536 § |
| Nitrates | 5 (8.6) | 1 (4.5) | 1.000 § |
| Statins | 27 (46.6) | 3 (13.6) | 0.007 * |
| Dipyridamole | 5 (8.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.315 § |
Values are expressed as mean ± SD for normally distributed continuous variables, median (interquartile range) for not normally distributed continuous variables and n (percentages) for categorical variables. * Chi-square test. † Mann–Whitney U-test; ‡ Student’s t-test; § Fisher’s exact test; || range 0 (severe cognitive impairment) to 30 (no cognitive impairment); ¶ range 0 (no disability) to 12 (severe disability); # range 0 (no disability) to 14 (severe disability); ** range 0 (severe disability) to 20 (no disability); †† scores ≥ 2 indicate a high risk for functional decline; ‡‡ range 0 to 37 (severe burden of comorbidities).