Table 2.

Monetary estimates of indirect costs of late-life depression in the United States.

Study	Indirect Cost	Age (sample size)	Direct Costs (Year-2016 Dollars)	Indirect Costs (Year-2016 Dollars)
Langa et al. (2004) [20]	Informal caregiving	70+ (6,649)	N/A	$9.1 billion ($12.7 billion)
Corso et al. (2000) [21]	Suicide	65+ (5,319)	$15 million ($21 million)	$630 million ($879 million)
CDC WISQARS (2010) [22]	Suicide	65+ (5,994)	$20.7 million ($22.8 million)	$1.11 billion ($1.21 billion)
Shepard et al. (2013) [23]	Suicide	65+ (12,036 *)	$1.74 billion ($1.81 billion) **

* Calculated as reported number of suicides + adjustment for under-reporting in age categories 65–74 and 74+. ** Combined direct and indirect costs.