Table 1.
Basic socio-demographic and clinical data of the study participants (n = 17,535), China, 2015–2017
| Group | Active and non-obese | Inactive and non-obese | Active and obese | Inactive and obese | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Condition | Non-diabetic | Diabetic | Non-diabetic | Diabetic | Non-diabetic | Diabetic | Non-diabetic | Diabetic |
| n | 6041 | 790 | 6993 | 607 | 1159 | 243 | 1489 | 213 |
| Age (years) | 49.9 ± 8.0 | 53.0 ± 7.5*** | 47.2 ± 7.5ǂǂǂ | 51.0 ± 6.9***ǂǂǂ | 48.9 ± 7.9ǂǂǂ × ×× | 51.1 ± 6.9***ǂǂǂ | 46.3 ± 7.3ǂǂǂ × × × ††† | 47.9 ± 6.4**ǂǂǂ × × × ††† |
| Female (%) | 30.9 | 14.4*** | 28.5 | 11.7*** | 12.5 | 8.6 | 10.5 | 4.7** |
| Smoking (%) | 23.3 | 32.0*** | 31.0 | 38.6*** | 32.7 | 35.4 | 40.0 | 45.5 |
| Drinking (%) | 49.4 | 55.2** | 56.4 | 62.3** | 66.1 | 63.8 | 70.1 | 67.1 |
| Hypertension (%) | 22.7 | 42.3*** | 20.4 | 41.5*** | 43.0 | 63.8*** | 41.6 | 58.7*** |
| ICVD (%) | 2.6 | 5.7*** | 2.0 | 5.9*** | 3.0 | 7.0** | 2.6 | 6.1** |
| Weight (kg) | 68.97 ± 10.01 | 72.73 ± 9.24*** | 69.63 ± 10.32ǂǂǂ | 73.31 ± 8.20*** | 87.91 ± 9.48ǂǂǂ × ×× | 88.16 ± 8.32ǂǂǂ × ×× | 88.90 ± 9.45ǂǂǂ × × × † | 90.61 ± 9.84*ǂǂǂ × × × †† |
| Height (cm) | 169.2 ± 7.8 | 170.8 ± 7.3*** | 170.0 ± 7.7ǂǂǂ | 171.3 ± 6.7*** | 171.2 ± 7.1ǂǂǂ × ×× | 171.3 ± 6.4 | 171.9 ± 7.0ǂǂǂ × × × † | 172.9 ± 6.6ǂǂǂ × ×† |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.99 ± 2.35 | 24.86 ± 2.05*** | 24.00 ± 2.45 | 24.94 ± 1.94*** | 29.95 ± 2.03ǂǂǂ × ×× | 30.00 ± 1.92ǂǂǂ × ×× | 30.04 ± 1.95ǂǂǂ × ×× | 30.27 ± 2.20ǂǂǂ × ×× |
| WC (cm) | 85.3 ± 8.1 | 89.6 ± 7.0*** | 85.9 ± 8.4ǂǂǂ | 90.0 ± 6.3*** | 99.7 ± 7.0ǂǂǂ × ×× | 101.1 ± 7.0**ǂǂǂ × ×× | 100.3 ± 7.1ǂǂǂ × × × † | 102.2 ± 6.8**ǂǂǂ × ×× |
| SBP (mmHg) | 121.4 ± 14.7 | 125.3 ± 15.0*** | 120.1 ± 14.6ǂǂǂ | 125.4 ± 14.8*** | 131.4 ± 14.7ǂǂǂ × ×× | 131.5 ± 14.9ǂǂǂ × ×× | 129.9 ± 13.3ǂǂǂ × × × †† | 130.2 ± 12.7ǂǂǂ × ×× |
| DBP (mmHg) | 81.7 ± 10.8 | 83.5 ± 10.2*** | 81.2 ± 11.0ǂ | 83.9 ± 10.3*** | 88.9 ± 10.0ǂǂǂ × ×× | 88.4 ± 10.1ǂǂǂ × ×× | 88.6 ± 10.4ǂǂǂ × ×× | 88.5 ± 9.6ǂǂǂ × ×× |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.58 ± 0.93 | 7.96 ± 2.17*** | 5.54 ± 0.85 | 8.34 ± 2.53***ǂǂǂ | 5.85 ± 0.88ǂǂǂ × ×× | 8.39 ± 2.35***ǂǂǂ | 5.85 ± 1.01ǂǂǂ × ×× | 8.84 ± 2.68***ǂǂǂ × × × ††† |
| HbA1c (mmol/L) | 5.74 ± 0.55 | 7.15 ± 1.19*** | 5.70 ± 0.52ǂǂǂ | 7.27 ± 1.38***ǂǂǂ | 5.88 ± 0.59ǂǂǂ × ×× | 7.25 ± 1.25***ǂ | 5.87 ± 0.60ǂǂǂ × ×× | 7.50 ± 1.39***ǂǂǂ × × × ††† |
Data are expressed as means (SD), or percentages
Smoking, smoked every day and had smoked for more than 6 months; Drinking, drink alcohol at least once per week and had drunk for more than 6 months
ICVD, ischemic cardiovascular disease; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. same group, diferent condition; ǂP < 0.05, ǂǂP < 0.01, ǂǂǂP < 0.001 vs. active and non-obese group, same condition; ×P < 0.05, ××P < 0.01, × × ×P < 0.001 vs. inactive and non-obese group, same condition; †P < 0.05, ††P < 0.01, †††P < 0.001 vs. active and obese group, same condition