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. 2019 Feb 12;18:32. doi: 10.1186/s12939-019-0931-4

Table 6.

Average expenditure and adjusted cost ratio of Medicare service types by Indigenous status

BTOS name BTOS code Mean (SD) co-payment Adjusted Cost Ratio#
Indigenous Non-indigenous
Non-referred attendances – GP/VRGP 101 73.4 (197) 162.6 (286) 0.42***
Non-referred attendances – enhanced primary care 102 0.05 (0.9) 2 (19.2) 0.009***
Non-referred attendances – other 103 22.8 (126.9) 46.9 (120.8) 0.50*
Non-referred attendances – practice nurse items 110 0.09 (1.1) 0.2 (2) 0.11
Other allied health 150 19.9 (93.9) 58.9 (183.8) 0.33**
Specialist attendances 200 260.3 (670.6) 978.3 (1650.2) 0.25***
Anaesthetics 400 580.9 (658.6) 1005.5 (1097.5) 0.54***
Pathology collection items 501 10.8 (48.1) 42.1 (128.2) 0.23***
Pathology tests 502 109.5 (440.5) 481.1 (1215.2) 0.21***
Diagnostic imaging 600 112.9 (329) 400.4 (768.6) 0.26***
Operations 700 671.3 (1463.7) 1797.9 (2510.7) 0.39***
Assistance at operations 800 366.8 (303.3) 392.1 (345.1) 0.83
Optometry 900 0.6 (4.9) 0.9 (5.7) 2.24
Other MBS Services 1000 159.4 (702.7) 682.7 (1487.2) 0.14***
Radiotherapy and therapeutic nuclear medicine 1100 85.8 (495.3) 375.8 (1233.9) 0.26***
All BTOS combined 1191 (3099) 4639 (6891) 0.25***

#Adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, rurality, area-based deprivation quintile, and broad cancer site groupings

*significant at 0.05 level

**significant at 0.01 level

***significant at 0.001 level