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. 2019 Apr-Jun;6(2):170–176. doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_50_18

Table 2.

Factor mean score, item mean score and exploratory factor analysis of the daily life difficulties scale (n=43)

 Factor/item Mean SD Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4 Factor 5
Factor 1 : Difficulties engaging in outings and hobbies (α = 0.90) 10.26 4.53
 19. I do not feel like going out because it is difficult to communicate with others 2.07 1.10 0.92 0.10 -0.08 0.01 0.05
 20. I do not like going outside because I am bothered by the appearance of my permanent tracheal stoma 1.77 0.92 0.79 0.20 -0.18 -0.05 0.05
 18. I frequently stayed home instead of going out. 2.07 1.10 0.78 0.26 0.03 -0.11 0.06
 21. I feel that I can not derive enjoyment from hobbies than before laryngectomy 2.07 1.10 0.75 -0.09 0.13 0.25 -0.07
 22. I feel that it is difficult to engage in hobbies than before laryngectomy 2.19 1.10 0.62 -0.11 0.27 0.11 -0.04
Factor 2 : Difficulties in defecation (α = 0.88) 5.21 2.28
 16. I often have a sense of abdominal fullness because of constipation. 1.72 0.83 0.08 0.92 0.13 -0.09 -0.01
 17. I tend to be constipated more often than before laryngectomy. 1.70 0.86 0.09 0.79 -0.03 0.23 -0.06
 15. It is difficult for me to defecate because I can not strain due to the lack of glottic closure 1.79 0.86 0.21 0.72 -0.05 -0.12 -0.01
Factor 3 : Difficulties with dietary intake (α = 0.81) 7.40 3.00
 5. I feel that I derive no pleasure from meals. 1.84 0.95 -0.03 -0.01 0.95 -0.05 -0.04
 4. It takes time for me to have a meal because I can not swallow a lot of food at a time. 2.02 0.94 0.16 0.05 0.80 -0.06 0.07
 1. It is difficult for me to swallow food 1.83 0.95 0.51 -0.02 0.61 -0.02 -0.07
 3. I feel that I have a decreased sense of taste. 1.70 0.89 -0.39 0.14 0.45 0.25 0.10
Factor 4 : Difficulties in breathing (due to airway alternations) (α = 0.79) 6.98 2.60
 10. I have momentary difficulty breathing because I get water in the permanent tracheal stoma while taking a bath. 1.93 0.88 0.28 -0.33 -0.06 0.80 -0.01
 13. I sometimes have a bloody sputum. 1.37 0.66 -0.15 0.29 -0.07 0.76 -0.21
 9. I often have momentary difficulty breathing 1.79 0.86 0.10 -0.06 0.05 0.69 0.12
 12. I often have sticky sputum because of low humidity in the trachea 1.88 0.88 -0.04 0.36 -0.03 0.56 0.22
Factor 5 : Difficulties in communication with others (α = 0.85) 8.67 2.76
 6. I feel that it is difficult to communicate with family members 2.44 1.03 -0.27 0.01 0.17 0.01 0.89
 8. I feel that it is difficult to answer the phone 3.35 1.07 0.18 -0.04 -0.04 -0.07 0.78
 7. I feel that it is difficult to communicate with others 2.88 0.96 0.22 -0.06 -0.14 0.07 0.75
Rotation sums of squared loadings 4.63 3.04 3.49 3.41 3.09
Proportion of variance (%) 33.49 14.77 11.91 10.16 7.35
Cumulative proportion of variance (%) 33.49 48.26 60.17 70.33 77.68

α: Cronbach's α, SD: Standard deviation