Table 1.

RNA sequencing gene expression results from zebrafish developmentally exposed to 16 PAHs from the shield stage to $48\text{-hpf}$.

Treatment	cyp1a		slincR		sox9b
	${\log }_2\text{FC}$	FDR	${\log }_2\text{FC}$	FDR	${\log }_2\text{FC}$	FDR
Retene ($12.2\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	7.692	$6.94\times {10}^{-16}$	3.006	$2.50\times {10}^{-10}$	0.071	0.848
Benzo[j]fluoranthene ($14.9\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	7.761	$4.96\times {10}^{-16}$	3.922	$9.65\times {10}^{-14}$	0.095	0.678
Benzo[k]fluoranthenea ($1.9\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	7.913	$2.91\times {10}^{-16}$	3.975	$6.07\times {10}^{-14}$	0.168	0.792
Dibenzo[a,h]pyrenea ($5\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	6.373	$1.07\times {10}^{-13}$	2.936	$1.09\times {10}^{-9}$	0.104	0.610
Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene ($5\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	6.478	$7.58\times {10}^{-14}$	2.785	$5.17\times {10}^{-9}$	$-0.191$	0.811
Benzo[b]fluoranthenea ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	6.019	$1.83\times {10}^{-13}$	2.139	$4.25\times {10}^{-6}$	0.171	0.615
Fluoranthenea ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	3.142	$1.40\times {10}^{-6}$	0.343	0.720	0.001	0.998
Phenanthrenea ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	2.093	0.0026	0.009	1.00	0.011	1.00
Acenapthenea ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	0.844	0.139	0.459	0.407	0.113	0.499
4H-cyclopenta[def]phenanthren-4-one ($16.2\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	1.618	0.176	0.019	0.990	0.347	0.0664
Carbazole ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	2.126	0.0549	0.491	0.716	0.211	0.384
3-nitrofluoranthene ($1.9\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	1.778	0.712	0.319	0.954	0.186	0.859
1,5-dimethylnaphthalene ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	0.806	1.00	0.401	1.00	0.003	1.00
9-methylanthracene ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	2.647	0.0091	0.711	0.411	0.140	0.511
2-methylnaphthalene ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	0.587	1.00	0.139	1.00	0.038	1.00
Anthracenea ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$)	2.467	0.366	1.083	0.415	0.137	0.632

Note: These data are part of an unpublished RNA sequencing dataset that was generated by Dr. M. Geier from the R. Tanguay laboratory. Concentrations were based on the ${\text{EC}}_{80}$ and were experientially determined by the individual compound response. For the PAHs that did not elicit a morphological effect, the maximum soluble concentration tested ($50\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{M}$ for most) was used. The Bioconductor package edgeR (statistical methodology based on the negative binomial distribution) was used to calculate the ${\log }_2\text{FC}$ and identify the significant differentially expressed genes ($n=4$, BH-adjusted $p\le 0.05$), when compared to the vehicle control (0.1% DMSO). $\text{BH},\text{Benjamini}\text{-Hochberg}$; $\text{DMSO},\text{dimethyl}\text{sulfoxide}$; $\text{FDR},\text{BH}\text{-adjusted}p\text{-value}$; $\text{hpf},\text{hours}\text{post}\text{fertilization}$; ${\log }_2{\text{FC},\log }_2\left(\text{fold}\text{change}\right)$; $\text{PAH},\text{polycyclic}\text{aromatic}\text{hydrocarbon}$.

^aDenotes a chemical that is one of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 16 priority PAHs.