Table 3. Selected interventions that may limit fibrosis.

Category	Name	Class	Potential Target/mechanism	Phase
Pharmaceuticals	Enalpril	Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors	Inhibit fibroblast activation	Clinic
	Pirfenidone	Small molecule	TGFβ, inflammation	Clinic
	Nintedanib	Small molecule	Receptor tyrosine kinsases	Clinic
	Anakinra	Monoclonal antibody	Inflammation (IL-1RA)	Clinic
	Fresolimumab	Monoclonal antibody	Inflammation (IL-13)	Phase II
	Endostatin	Recombinant fragment of col XVIII	TGFβ	Pre-clinical
	Lumikine	Peptide fragment of lumican	TGFβ	Pre-clinical
Biomaterials	Integra™	Silicone and bovine col I-chondroitin sulfate mesh	Collagen and GAG mesh provide environment to facilitate repair	Clinic
	Surgisis® Oasis® Biodesign® CorMatrix®	Porcine SIS ECM scaffold	Multi-functional molecules liberated during matrix degradation mediate inflammation and repair	Clinic
	XenMatrix®	Porcine dermis ECM scaffold	See above	Clinic
	Alloderm® Allomax®	Human dermis ECM scaffold	See above	Clinic
	MatriStem®	Porcine UBM ECM scaffold	See above	Clinic
	VentriGel™	Porcine myocardial ECM hydrogel	See above	Phase I
Cell-based therapies	Dermagraft®	Allogeneic neonatal cells on vicryl scaffold	Neonatal cells and scaffold provide environment to facilitate repair	Clinic
	Apligraf®	Allogeneic neonatal cells on bovine col I matrix	Neonatal cells and scaffold provide environment to facilitate repair	Clinic
	Mesenchymal stem cells	Allogeneic stem cells	Paracrine signalling alters inflammation	Phase I