Table 7. Type III tests of fixed effects and estimates of fixed effects in the linear mixed model on pen evaluation in the pictures.
| Effect | Type III tests of fixed effects (F-values) | Estimates of fixed effects | SE | T-values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | 6298.08*** | 3.66 | 0.10 | 37.78*** | |
| Pig | 19.76*** | -0.09 | 0.03 | -2.94** | |
| Pen | 3625.69*** | -1.35 | 0.03 | -42.38*** | |
| Split | 5.09* | 0.10 | 0.05 | 2.26* | |
| First Picture | 2.32 | ||||
| 1 (unhappy/straw) | 0.09 | 0.06 | 1.38 | ||
| 2 (happy/straw) | 0.12 | 0.06 | 1.80 | ||
| 3 (happy/slatted | -0.03 | 0.06 | -0.48 | ||
| 4 (unhappy slatted) | 0 | - | - | ||
| Grew up on a farm | 7.40** | 0.22 | 0.08 | 2.72** | |
| No connection to agriculture | 11.24** | -0.17 | 0.05 | -3.35** | |
| Belief in Pig Mind I | 12.65*** | 0.08 | 0.02 | 3.56*** | |
| Belief in Pig mind II | 31.84*** | -0.13 | 0.02 | -5.64*** | |
| Pig x Pen | 0.08 | -0.01 | 0.05 | -0.29 | |
Dependent variable: index of pen evaluation including evaluation of five word pairs (species-appropriate–not species-appropriate, natural–unnatural, comfortable–uncomfortable, future-proof–not future-proof, clean–dirty)
Model covariance structure: scaled identity
*** = p ≤ 0.001
** = p ≤ 0.01
* = p ≤ 0.05
SE = standard error
Source: Own calculations