| Terms |
Definitions used in this review |
| Expectant management of third stage of labour |
A prophylactic uterotonic agent is not administered Umbilical cord is neither clamped nor cut until the placenta has been delivered or until cord pulsation has ceased Placenta is delivered spontaneously with the aid of gravity and sometimes by maternal effort |
| Active management of third stage of labour |
The routine administration of a prophylactic uterotonic drug just before, with, or immediately after, the birth of the baby Early cord clamping and cutting Controlled cord traction to deliver the placenta |
| Mixed management of third stage of labour |
A mixture of some of the components of both active and expectant management of third stage of labour, but without exclusively containing all the components of either. There can be a number of different mixed third stage managements, for example:
early prophylactic uterotonic drug, cord clamping when pulsation has ceased and controlled cord traction delayed prophylactic uterotonic drug, cord clamping when pulsation has ceased and controlled cord traction
|
| Early prophylactic uterotonic |
Prophylactic uterotonic drug administered just before, with, or immediately after, the birth of the infant |
| Delayed prophylactic uterotonic |
Prophylactic uterotonic drug administered after the cord pulsation has ceased |
| Early cord clamping |
The application of a clamp to the umbilical cord within 60 seconds of the birth of the infant (McDonald 2013) |
| Delayed cord clamping |
The application of a clamp to the umbilical cord more than 1 minute after birth or when cord pulsation has ceased (McDonald 2013) |
|
Sarnat staging for hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (Sarnat 1976) |
Stage 1 (mild): hyper‐alertness, hyper‐reflexia, dilated pupils, tachycardia, absence of seizures Stage 2 (moderate): lethargy, hyper‐reflexia, miosis, bradycardia, seizures, hypotonia with weak suck and Moro reflexes Stage 3 (severe): stupor, flaccidity, small to mid‐position pupils which react poorly to light, decreased stretch reflexes, hypothermia and absent Moro |
