Table 1.

Knowledge and gaps in epidemiological research of physical activity for persons living with type 1 diabetes.

Type of study	Physical activity knowledge	Gaps
Prospective Cohort Studies	Lower lipid profiles Lower BP Reduced risk of CVD	Small sample sizes Lack of triangulation of data Poor control of confounding
	Reduced mortality	Lack of objective measures of PA
Clinical Trials	No effect on HbA1c Lower daily insulin requirement Weight loss Increased VO2peak	Efficacy for lowering BP Efficacy for improving lipid profiles
Behavioral trials	Improved self-management Reduced HbA1c Increased short-term PA	Optimal theoretical model for long term adherence to PA Optimal delivery model for increasing PA

BP, blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; PA, physical activity; VO₂, oxygen uptake.