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. 2019 Feb 6;10:155. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00155

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Copyright © 2019 Limongi, Baldelli, Checconi, Marcocci, De Chiara, Fraternale, Magnani, Ciriolo and Palamara.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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GSH-C4 treatment prevents the induction of NFκB-signaling pathway in C2C12 myotubes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (A,B) C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated for 4 and 8 days, respectively. Subsequently, 10 mM GSH-C4 was added to the cells for 12 or 24 hrs. Twenty micrograms of total proteins were loaded for Western blot analysis of the phosphorylated and total form of NFκB [p-NFκB (p65), NFκB (p65)], NFκB (p50), TNF-α, p-IKB-α, p-IKK-α/β, IKB-α, and IKK-α/β. Sp1 was used as loading control. (C) Total RNA was isolated and relative mRNA levels of NFκB were analyzed by RT-qPCR. mRNA levels were normalized to RPL. Data are expressed as means ± S.D. (n = 4; **p < 0.001). All the immunoblots reported are from one experiment representative of three that gave similar results.