Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of people with heart failure and matched comparators. Data are number (%) unless stated otherwise. SD=standard deviation
| Characteristic | Heart failure (n=55 959) | No heart failure (n=278 679) |
|---|---|---|
| Sex: | ||
| Male | 29 234 (52.2) | 145 552 (52.2) |
| Female | 26 725 (47.8) | 133 127 (47.8) |
| Age (years, mean (SD)) | 77.08 (10.6) | 76.08 (10.4) |
| Age group (years): | ||
| 45-54 | 1938 (3.5) | 11 056 (4.0) |
| 55-64 | 5426 (9.7) | 29 124 (10.5) |
| 65-74 | 12 485 (22.3) | 67 851 (24.3) |
| 75-84 | 21 534 (38.5) | 110 015 (39.5) |
| 85-94 | 13 453 (24.0) | 57 065 (20.5) |
| ≥95 | 1123 (2.0) | 3568 (1.3) |
| Ethnic group: | ||
| White | 44 143 (78.9) | 204 936 (73.5) |
| Non-white | 1497 (2.7) | 6516 (2.3) |
| Mixed | 6585 (11.8) | 38 114 (13.7) |
| Missing | 3734 (6.7) | 29 113 (10.4) |
| Index of multiple deprivation (fifths): | ||
| 1 (least deprived) | 10 854 (19.4) | 60 020 (21.5) |
| 2 | 12 954 (23.1) | 68 200 (24.5) |
| 3 | 11 947 (21.3) | 58 956 (21.2) |
| 4 | 11 707 (20.9) | 53 778 (19.3) |
| 5 (most deprived) | 8447 (15.1) | 37 450 (13.4) |
| Missing | 50 (0.1) | 75 (0.1) |
| Smoking status: | ||
| Never | 21 252 (38.0) | 123 460 (44.3) |
| Former | 7094 (12.7) | 31 494 (11.3) |
| Current | 24 507 (43.8) | 100 719 (36.1) |
| Missing | 3106 (5.6) | 23 006 (8.3) |
| Systolic blood pressure: | ||
| Mean (SD; mm Hg) | 137.54 (21) | 139.59 (18.0) |
| Missing | 1272 (2.3) | 14 367 (5.2) |
| Diastolic blood pressure: | ||
| Mean (SD; mm Hg) | 76.89 (11.6) | 77.64 (10.0) |
| Missing | 1272 (2.3) | 14 367 (5.2) |
| Total cholesterol: | ||
| Mean (SD; mmol/L) | 4.69 (3.6) | 5.03 (2.5) |
| Missing | 15 478 (27.7) | 104 041 (37.3) |
| Body mass index: | ||
| Mean (SD) | 27.93 (6.1) | 26.53 (4.8) |
| Missing | 8428 (15.1) | 50 110 (18) |
| Medical history: | ||
| Atrial fibrillation | 14 629 (26.1) | 20 910 (7.5) |
| Angina | 11 965 (21.4) | 29 508 (10.6) |
| Diabetes | 13 104 (23.4) | 38 824 (13.9) |
| Hypertension | 32 316 (57.7) | 130 669 (46.9) |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 14 606 (26.1) | 31 517 (11.3) |
| Myocardial infarction | 11 296 (20.2) | 17 537 (6.3) |
| Stroke | 6271 (11.2) | 19 409 (7.0) |
| Valve disease | 4154 (7.4) | 6165 (2.2) |
| Other cardiovascular disease | 13 757 (24.6) | 34 578 (12.4) |