| Methods | Setting: cessation clinic, Spain Recruitment: community volunteers Group size: 36 to 40 | |
| Participants | 76 smokers, ≥ 10 cigs/day (excluded an untreated control group of 40, not randomly selected). 51% female, average age 34, average cigs/day 28 | |
| Interventions | Both conditions received 8 weekly sessions in groups of 36 to 40, duration not specified, TQD week 4, 2 experienced therapists 1. Standard programme: motivational contract, nicotine fading, stimulus control 2. Relapse prevention. As 1 plus problem solving |
|
| Outcomes | Abstinence at 12 months (definition not specified) Validation: CO < 8 ppm during therapy, informants during follow‐up | |
| Notes | ||
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Randomisation method not described |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No information given |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Not specified |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Biochemically validated abstinence |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | All randomly assigned participants included in ITT analysis |
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