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. 2019 Feb 12;21:23. doi: 10.1186/s13058-019-1114-3

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 7 — A novel mechanism underlying the contribution of primary cancer to lung metastatic niche formation in breast cancer. Primary cancer-secreted CXCL17 increases the accumulation of CD11b⁺Gr-1⁺ MDSCs in the lungs, which produce PDGF-BB, resulting in enhanced angiogenesis in the lung tissue before cancer cells’ arrival. In addition, CXCL17 also drives CD11b⁺Gr-1⁺ MDSCs to exhibit supportive activity for cancer extravasation and survival by PDGF-BB production under cancer cell arrival