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. 2019 Feb 13;16:2. doi: 10.1186/s12983-019-0300-6

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Process of domestication. We define the endpoint of Darwin’s unconscious selection as a tamed animal and the endpoint of methodical, or what we now call artificial, selection as a tamed and domesticated animal. Unconscious selection proceeds to make an animal human-friendly without any thought to any predetermined purpose. Artificial selection is the process by which humans selectively develop specific phenotypic traits