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Effect of mixed bacterial supernatants on insulin secretion in INS-1 β-cells (a) and pancreatic islets (b) stimulated with 3.3 mM glucose (black bars) and 16.7 mM glucose (white bars). The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (ELISA) upon mixed supernatant treatment showed higher increases for INS-1 and pancreatic islets in 50, 200, and 500 ng/ml compared with the control. Data are mean ± SD of at least three independent experiments;*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01
