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. 2019 Feb 13;9:1916. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36579-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Histograms showing the effects of the aqueous aerosols and initial pH on (a) the final weight of the hydrophilic tholins (soluble organic matter); (b) the final weight of the hydrophobic tholins (insoluble organic matter); and (c) the final pH of the crude reactions. The number shown on the x-axis corresponds to the experiment number indicated in Table 1. Statistical test: pairs test based on the confidence interval comparison (α = 0.047). *Indicates differences within groups, and letters indicate differences between groups (CH₄ + N₂ + H₂ group = lowercase letters; CH₄ + NH₃ + H₂ group = capital letters). The average values and the standard deviations were calculated from the results of at least five experiments.