Table 2.
Crude and Adjusted Effects of Anemia for Clinical Outcomes.
| No anemia | Mild anemia versus No anemia | Moderate/Severe anemia versus No anemia | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N of patients with event (Cumulative 5-year incidence, %) | N of patients with event (Cumulative 5-year incidence, %) | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P Value | N of patients with event (Cumulative 5-year incidence, %) | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Entire Cohort (N = 3403) | |||||||||||
| Primary outcome measure | |||||||||||
| Aortic valve-related death and HF hospitalization | 209 (22) | 214 (34) | 1.71 (1.43–2.05) |
<0.001 | 1.30 (1.07–1.57) |
0.008 | 482 (56) | 3.31 (2.83–3.87) |
<0.001 | 1.56 (1.31–1.87) |
<0.001 |
| Secondary outcome measures | |||||||||||
| Aortic valve-related death | 101 (11) | 119 (21) | 1.93 (1.50–2.48) |
<0.001 | 1.29 (0.99–1.67) |
0.06 | 293 (36) | 4.03 (3.25–4.99) |
<0.001 | 1.45 (1.14–1.85) |
0.003 |
| HF hospitalization | 158 (18) | 158 (28) | 1.70 (1.38–2.10) |
<0.001 | 1.39 (1.12–1.73) |
0.003 | 362 (48) | 3.44 (2.88–4.12) |
<0.001 | 1.79 (1.46–2.20) |
<0.001 |
| All-cause death | 263 (26) | 282 (43) | 1.85 (1.58–2.18) |
<0.001 | 1.20 (1.02–1.42) |
0.03 | 677 (65) | 3.73 (3.26–4.28) |
<0.001 | 1.62 (1.39–1.89) |
<0.001 |
| Cardiovascular death | 163 (17) | 189 (31) | 1.92 (1.57–2.35) |
<0.001 | 1.24 (1.01–1.52) |
0.04 | 448 (50) | 3.92 (3.31–4.65) |
<0.001 | 1.52 (1.25–1.84) |
<0.001 |
| Sudden death | 34 (3) | 40 (7) | 1.79 (1.18–2.72) |
0.007 | 1.003 (0.64–1.57) |
1.0 | 83 (14) | 2.95 (2.05–4.26) |
<0.001 | 1.07 (0.69–1.64) |
0.8 |
| Non-cardiovascular death | 100 (12) | 93 (17) | 1.74 (1.33–2.27) |
<0.001 | 1.13 (0.85–1.49) |
0.4 | 229 (29) | 3.40 (2.71–4.28) |
<0.001 | 1.83 (1.41–2.38) |
<0.001 |
| Conservative Stratum (N = 2225) | |||||||||||
| Primary outcome measure | |||||||||||
| Aortic valve-related death and HF hospitalization | 159 (30) | 177 (47) | 1.79 (1.46–2.20) |
<0.001 | 1.73 (1.40–2.13) |
<0.001 | 421 (66) | 3.13 (2.63–3.74) |
<0.001 | 2.05 (1.69–2.47) |
<0.001 |
| Secondary outcome measures | |||||||||||
| Aortic valve-related death | 80 (16) | 105 (31) | 2.04 (1.55–2.69) |
<0.001 | 1.90 (1.44–2.51) |
<0.001 | 261 (45) | 3.63 (2.89–4.62) |
<0.001 | 2.14 (1.66–2.76) |
<0.001 |
| HF hospitalization | 129 (26) | 134 (39) | 1.71 (1.36–2.16) |
<0.001 | 1.63 (1.28–2.06) |
<0.001 | 329 (59) | 3.18 (2.62–3.88) |
<0.001 | 2.05 (1.66–2.54) |
<0.001 |
| All-cause death | 207 (36) | 224 (54) | 1.79 (1.50–2.15) |
<0.001 | 1.52 (1.26–1.83) |
<0.001 | 586 (72) | 3.25 (2.8–3.8) |
<0.001 | 2.09 (1.77–2.46) |
<0.001 |
| Cardiovascular death | 125 (23) | 155 (41) | 1.94 (1.55–2.43) |
<0.001 | 1.76 (1.40–2.22) |
<0.001 | 387 (58) | 3.46 (2.86–4.19) |
<0.001 | 2.19 (1.79–2.69) |
<0.001 |
| Sudden death | 25 (4) | 36 (10) | 2.01 (1.26–3.21) |
0.003 | N/A | 73 (15) | 2.7 (1.8–4.19) |
<0.001 | N/A | ||
| Non-cardiovascular death | 82 (17) | 69 (21) | 1.54 (1.13–2.10) |
0.006 | N/A | 199 (33) | 2.92 (2.27–3.78) |
<0.001 | N/A | ||
| Initial AVR Stratum (N = 1178) | |||||||||||
| Primary outcome measure | |||||||||||
| Aortic valve-related death and HF hospitalization | 50 (11) | 37 (15) | 1.36 (0.90–2.02) |
0.1 | 1.24 (0.82–1.88) |
0.3 | 61 (29) | 2.47 (1.73–3.54) |
<0.001 | 2.12 (1.44–3.11) |
<0.001 |
| Secondary outcome measures | |||||||||||
| Aortic valve-related death | 21 (4) | 14 (5) | 1.21 (0.6–2.4) |
0.6 | 1.16 (0.58–2.32) |
0.7 | 32 (11) | 3.04 (1.77–5.34) |
<0.001 | 2.94 (1.64–5.26) |
<0.001 |
| HF hospitalization | 29 (7) | 24 (11) | 1.5 (0.91–2.45) |
0.1 | 1.30 (0.77–2.19) |
0.3 | 33 (22) | 2.33 (1.46–3.71) |
0.002 | 1.79 (1.08–2.97) |
0.02 |
| All-cause death | 56 (13) | 58 (25) | 1.89 (1.34–2.67) |
<0.001 | 1.88 (1.31–2.69) |
<0.001 | 91 (42) | 3.66 (2.69–5.02) |
<0.001 | 3.62 (2.57–5.08) |
<0.001 |
| Cardiovascular death | 38 (9) | 34 (15) | 1.66 (1.06–2.58) |
0.03 | 1.70 (1.07–2.68) |
0.02 | 61 (29) | 3.81 (2.61–5.53) |
<0.001 | 3.94 (2.60–5.95) |
<0.001 |
| Sudden death | 9 (2) | 4 (2) | 0.86 (0.27–2.38) |
0.8 | N/A | 11 (10) | 2.37 (1.01–5.57) |
0.03 | N/A | ||
| Non-cardiovascular death | 18 (5) | 24 (12) | 2.34 (1.34–4.12) |
0.005 | N/A | 30 (16) | 3.36 (1.97–5.83) |
<0.001 | N/A | ||
AVR = aortic valve replacement; CI = confidence interval; HF = heart failure; HR = hazard ratio.