Table 4.
Risk factors for traumatic fractures among Chinese adults (≥15 years).
| Risk factors | Odds ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | |
| Age (years) | ||
| 15–59 | Reference | Reference |
| ≥60 | 0.56 (0.15, 2.03) | 0.69 (0.17, 2.76) |
| Education | ||
| Illiterate | Reference | Reference |
| Primary school | 0.84 (0.27, 2.64) | 0.80 (0.22, 2.90) |
| Junior high school or above | 0.50 (0.14, 1.82) | 0.40 (0.07, 2.15) |
| Occupation | ||
| Unemployed & Retired | Reference | Reference |
| Office worker & Students | 0.22 (0.04, 1.35) | 1.47 (0.12, 17.80) |
| Others | 0.39 (0.04, 3.62) | 4.30 (0.59, 31.41) |
| Manual worker & Farmer | 0.29 (0.08, 1.00) | 1.43 (0.27, 7.43) |
| Cigarette smoking | ||
| No | Reference | |
| Yes | 9.50 (2.19, 41.19) | |
| Alcohol consumption | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 1.49 (0.52, 4.25) | 7.81 (2.50, 24.39) |
| Urbanisation | ||
| Urban area | Reference | Reference |
| Rural area | 0.76 (0.30, 1.93) | 0.64 (0.20, 2.07) |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | ||
| <24 | Reference | Reference |
| 24–27.9 | 1.15 (0.43, 3.06) | 1.17 (0.34, 4.02) |
| ≥28 | 1.24 (0.16, 9.56) | 1.10 (0.13, 9.08) |
| Average sleep time (hours) per day | ||
| <7 | Reference | Reference |
| ≥7 | 0.54 (0.21, 1.38) | 0.90 (0.28, 2.91) |
| Previous history of fracture | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 5.30 (1.54, 18.23) | 6.77 (1.47, 31.19) |
| Children | ||
| <2 | / | Reference |
| =2 | / | 3.60 (0.75, 17.17) |
| >2 | / | 0.65 (0.06, 7.55) |
| Menopause (age, year) | ||
| <46 | / | Reference |
| 46–50 | / | 0.75 (0.09, 6.12) |
| >50 | / | 1.03 (0.11, 9.98) |
| Premenopausal | / | 0.06 (0.003, 0.941) |
| Hosmer-Lemeshow Test | X2 = 0.280, P = 0.964 | X2 = 4.174, P = 0.525 |