Table 3.
Results of partial RDA models and permuted ANOVA significance tests for individual landscape variables explaining the variation in spatial PCA axes
| Variable | % Variance explained | Pseudo‐F | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Latitude + Longitude (isolation by distance) | 60.8 | — | — |
| Open Water (proportion within 5 km) | 0.1 | 0.459 | 0.665 |
| Urban Land Use (proportion within 5 km) | 0.0 | 0.432 | 0.708 |
| Forest (proportion within 5 km) | 0.1 | 0.459 | 0.663 |
| Scrub/Grassland (proportion within 5 km) | 0.1 | 0.463 | 0.659 |
| Agricultural Land Use (proportion within 5 km) | 0.1 | 0.469 | 0.653 |
| Wetlands (proportion within 5 km) | 0.1 | 0.638 | 0.538 |
| Missouri River barrier | 4.0 | 35.685 | 0.001* |
| HUC−6 Basins | 21.0 | 21.009 | 0.001* |
*Indicates statistical significance of the PERMANOVA result (p < 0.05).