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. 2019 Feb 13;8(1):1578525. doi: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1578525

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© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 4. — Effect of CAF-EV on migration, proliferation, and apoptosis of HSC-3 cells. (a) Pooled NOF-and CAF-EV were added to the scratched wounds of HSC-3 cells. HSC-3 cells migrated faster when cultured with CAF-EV at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h (p < 0.05) compared to NOF-EV. Pictures represent the initial (0 h) and final (24 h) views of the wounded areas, delimitated by a white line. The graph on the left panel shows the decrease of wound area in percentages when the area at 0 h was set to be 100%. The EV treatment did not affect the proliferation at 24 h (b), but the apoptosis rate at 24 h was significantly higher in HSC-3 cells treated with CAF-EV compared to the control (c), showed as a percentage of apoptotic cells, as resulted from an annexin-V based apoptosis assay. (d) To confirm the results, a TUNEL assay was also performed in EV-treated HSC-3 cells, resulting in similar findings. *p ≤ 0.05.