Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 3124 acute ischemic stroke patients according to white blood cell and blood glucose level
| Characteristicsa | NWNG | NWHG | HWNG | HWHG | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 2025 | 681 | 266 | 152 | |
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years | 68.8 ± 12.8 | 68.8 ± 11.4 | 66.5 ± 16.3 | 67.6 ± 14.3 | 0.031 |
| Male sex | 1181 (58.3) | 356 (52.3) | 170 (63.9) | 93 (61.2) | 0.004 |
| Cigarette smoking status | 420 (20.7) | 119 (17.5) | 54 (20.3) | 25 (16.4) | 0.206 |
| Alcohol consumption | 205 (10.1) | 62 (9.1) | 21 (7.9) | 16 (10.5) | 0.617 |
| Clinical features | |||||
| Time from onset to hospital, hours | 24.0 (6.0–72.0) | 24.0 (5.0–72.0) | 24.0 (4.0–48.0) | 12.0 (3.0–48.0) | < 0.001 |
| Hospital stay, days | 10.0 (8.0–13.0) | 11.0 (8.0–15.0) | 11.0 (7.0–15.0) | 12.0 (7.5–19.0) | < 0.001 |
| Baseline systolic BP, mm Hg | 151.0 ± 22.6 | 154.6 ± 22.0 | 153.4 ± 25.0 | 155.5 ± 22.6 | 0.001 |
| Baseline diastolic BP, mm Hg | 85.1 ± 13.0 | 85.7 ± 12.5 | 87.1 ± 14.7 | 86.1 ± 14.6 | 0.087 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.4 (1.0–2.2) | 1.1 (0.9–1.6) | 1.2 (0.9–1.8) | < 0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.5 (3.8–5.1) | 4.7 (4.0–5.5) | 4.6 (3.9–5.3) | 4.9 (4.2–5.6) | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.6 (2.1–3.2) | 2.7 (2.1–3.4) | 2.7 (2.2–3.2) | 3.1 (2.3–3.7) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 0.079 |
| FG, mmol/L | 5.3 (4.9–5.9) | 8.9 (7.7–11.3) | 5.6 (5.0–6.1) | 9.2 (8.1–11.6) | < 0.001 |
| WBC, 103/uL | 6.3 (5.2–7.5) | 6.8 (5.6–8.0) | 11.5 (10.6–13.0) | 11.6 (10.6–13.7) | < 0.001 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 94.3 (76.2–114.8) | 99.3 (78.2–124.6) | 93.2 (71.2–117.2) | 94.9 (64.3–115.8) | 0.004 |
| Baseline NIHSS score | 3.0 (2.0–6.0) | 4.0 (2.0–7.0) | 6.0 (3.0–12.0) | 7.5 (3.5–15.0) | < 0.001 |
| Medical history | |||||
| History of hypertension | 1542 (76.1) | 569 (83.6) | 211 (79.3) | 129 (84.9) | < 0.001 |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 236 (11.7) | 458 (67.3) | 26 (9.8) | 84 (55.3) | < 0.001 |
| History of coronary heart disease | 97 (4.8) | 48 (7.0) | 15 (5.6) | 14 (9.2) | 0.029 |
| History of atrial fibrillation | 283 (14.0) | 108 (15.9) | 56 (21.1) | 30 (19.7) | 0.007 |
| History of stroke | 464 (22.9) | 144 (21.1) | 46 (17.3) | 39 (25.7) | 0.122 |
| Medication history | |||||
| Antihypertensive therapy | 1133 (56.0) | 449 (65.9) | 148 (55.6) | 102 (67.1) | < 0.001 |
| Antiplatelet therapy | 161 (8.0) | 52 (7.6) | 11 (4.1) | 10 (6.6) | 0.162 |
| Anticoagulation therapy | 21 (1.0) | 8 (1.2) | 3 (1.1) | 3 (2.0) | 0.810 |
| Antiglycemic therapy | 179 (8.8) | 338 (49.6) | 19 (7.1) | 49 (32.2) | < 0.001 |
| Statin therapy | 76 (3.8) | 13 (1.9) | 3 (1.1) | 3 (2.0) | 0.016 |
| Thrombolysis treatment | 43 (2.1) | 11 (1.6) | 12 (4.5) | 11 (7.2) | < 0.001 |
| Stroke syndrome | < 0.001 | ||||
| TACS | 143 (7.1) | 62 (9.1) | 46 (17.3) | 44 (28.9) | |
| PACS | 1076 (53.1) | 311 (45.7) | 129 (48.5) | 48 (31.6) | |
| POCS | 416 (20.5) | 209 (30.7) | 70 (26.3) | 48 (31.6) | |
| LACS | 390 (19.3) | 99 (14.5) | 21 (7.9) | 12 (7.9) | |
aContinuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or as median (interquartile range). Categorical variables are expressed as frequency (percent)
Abbreviations: BP blood pressure, TG triglycerides, TC total cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, FG fasting glucose, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, mRS modified Rankin Scale, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, TACS total anterior circulation syndrome, PACS partial anterior circulation syndrome, POCS posterior circulation syndrome, LACS lacunar syndrome, Q quartile