Table 2.

Associations between a 50% reduction in residence proximity to major roadways at birth and methylation of CpG sites in LAMB2 with significant differential methylation in cord blood DNA ($\mathrm{N}=482$) and corresponding associations with methylation of the same sites in peripheral blood samples at age 7–11 ($\mathrm{N}=454$).

CpG	Gene	Cord blooda				Peripheral blood at midchildhoodb
		Estimate (95% CI)	P-value	FDRc	Bonferroni	Estimate (95% CI)	P-value
cg05654765	LAMB2	0.82% (0.54%, 1.10%)	$2.4\mathrm{E}-10$	$7.5\mathrm{E}-05$	$7.5\mathrm{E}-05$	0.37% (0.01%, 0.76%)	0.0542
cg14099457	LAMB2	0.88% (0.56%, 1.19%)	$4.3\mathrm{E}-09$	$6.7\mathrm{E}-04$	$1.3\mathrm{E}-03$	0.53% (0.07%, 1.00%)	0.0244
cg03732535	LAMB2	0.19% (0.11%, 0.28%)	$4.8\mathrm{E}-07$	$4.7\mathrm{E}-02$	$1.5\mathrm{E}-01$	0.22% (0.01%, 0.45%)	0.0578
cg02954987	LAMB2	1.08% (0.65%, 1.51%)	$6.0\mathrm{E}-07$	$4.7\mathrm{E}-02$	$1.9\mathrm{E}-01$	0.56% (0.02%, 1.11%)	0.0412

^aEstimates of differential methylation in cord blood are from linear regression models adjusted for maternal [age at enrollment (continuous), prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) (continuous), race (white/black/others), smoking status (smoking during pregnancy/former/never), education level (college or graduate/not college or graduate)], neighborhood [median household income (continuous)], children [child’s sex (female/male), gestational age (continuous), season (DOB)], and estimated cell proportions (percentage of monocyte, percentage of CD8T cell, percentage of CD4T cell, percentage of NK cell, percentage of B cell, percentage of nucleated red blood cells).

^bModels of differential methylation in peripheral blood (age 7–10 y) are adjusted for maternal age at enrollment, pre-pregnancy BMI, race/ethnicity, smoking during pregnancy, education, median neighborhood household income, child’s sex, gestational age at birth, season of birth (spring, summer, fall, winter), child’s age at blood donation, and proportions of blood cells estimated using the Houseman method (Houseman et al. 2012) (monocytes, CD8 cells, CD4 cells, NK cells, B cells).

^cFDR correspond to Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) adjusted p-value ($p_{BH}$).