Table 3. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the community surveys, facility surveys, and cohort samples.
| Characteristic | Community survey (N = 1,983) | Facility survey (N = 1,252) | Depression cohort (N = 137) | AUD cohort (N = 175) | Psychosis cohort (N = 95) | Epilepsy cohort (N = 42) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N or median | Percent or SD | N or median | Percent or SD | N or median | Percent or IQR | N or median | Percent or IQR | N or median | Percent or IQR | N or median | Percent or IQR | |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Male | 1,280 | 60.1 | 813 | 64.9 | 19 | 13.9 | 149 | 85.1 | 50 | 52.6 | 25 | 59.5 |
| Female | 703 | 39.9 | 439 | 35.1 | 118 | 86.1 | 26 | 14.9 | 45 | 47.4 | 17 | 40.5 |
| Age | ||||||||||||
| 16–29 | 517 | 30.2 | 395 | 31.6 | 32 | 23.4 | 23 | 13.1 | 20 | 21.1 | 15 | 35.7 |
| 30–50 | 1,006 | 45.8 | 572 | 45.7 | 69 | 50.4 | 108 | 61.7 | 54 | 56.8 | 21 | 50.0 |
| >50 | 460 | 24.0 | 285 | 22.8 | 36 | 26.3 | 44 | 25.1 | 21 | 22.1 | 6 | 14.3 |
| Marital status | ||||||||||||
| No partner | 215 | 86.4 | 114 | 9.1 | 26 | 29.0 | 10 | 5.7 | 30 | 31.6 | 15 | 35.7 |
| Has a partner | 1,768 | 13.6 | 1,138 | 90.9 | 111 | 81.0 | 165 | 94.3 | 65 | 68.4 | 27 | 64.3 |
| Religion | ||||||||||||
| Hindu | 1,604 | 80.4 | 1,066 | 85.1 | 118 | 86.1 | 134 | 76.6 | 79 | 83.2 | 33 | 78.6 |
| Other | 379 | 19.6 | 186 | 14.9 | 19 | 13.9 | 41 | 23.4 | 16 | 16.8 | 9 | 21.4 |
| Caste | ||||||||||||
| Brahman/Chhetri (‘upper’ castes) | 948 | 48.3 | 620 | 49.5 | 59 | 43.1 | 62 | 35.4 | 62 | 65.3 | 20 | 47.6 |
| Janajati (ethnic minorities) | 542 | 27.4 | 263 | 21.0 | 38 | 27.7 | 44 | 25.1 | 14 | 14.8 | 8 | 19.1 |
| Dalit (‘lower’ castes) | 308 | 15.0 | 291 | 23.2 | 32 | 23.4 | 50 | 28.6 | 9 | 9.5 | 10 | 23.8 |
| Other | 185 | 9.3 | 78 | 6.2 | 8 | 5.8 | 19 | 10.9 | 10 | 10.5 | 4 | 9.5 |
| Educational level | ||||||||||||
| Uneducated/illiterate | 275 | 13.2 | 196 | 15.6 | 38 | 27.7 | 37 | 21.1 | 22 | 23.2 | 10 | 23.8 |
| Less than primary school | 315 | 14.9 | 248 | 19.8 | 38 | 27.7 | 33 | 18.9 | 38 | 40.0 | 5 | 11.9 |
| Primary school & above | 1,393 | 72.0 | 808 | 64.5 | 61 | 44.5 | 105 | 60.0 | 35 | 36.8 | 27 | 64.3 |
| Employment | ||||||||||||
| Not employed | 87 | 4.7 | 35 | 2.8 | 92 | 71.3 | 37 | 21.6 | 64 | 68.8 | 26 | 61.9 |
| Employed | 1,896 | 95.3 | 1,217 | 97.2 | 37 | 28.7 | 134 | 78.4 | 29 | 31.2 | 16 | 38.1 |
| Food insecurity | ||||||||||||
| No | 14 | 0.9 | 352 | 96.7 | 7 | 5.4 | 5 | 2.9 | 90 | 3.2 | 0 | 0 |
| Yes | 455 | 99.1 | 12 | 3.3 | 122 | 94.6 | 166 | 97.1 | 3 | 96.8 | 42 | 100 |
| Outcome | ||||||||||||
| PHQ-9 score | 2.7 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 3.9 | 12.0 | 5.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | — | — | 5.0 | 6.0 |
| AUDIT score | 1.4 | 3.5 | 2.0 | 4.7 | 0 | 1.0 | 27.0 | 9.0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| WHODAS score | 16.1 | 3.5 | 18.2 | 5.9 | 36.1 | 25.0 | 19.4 | 22.2 | 27.8 | 27.8 | 19.4 | 22.2 |
| SIP-2R | — | — | — | — | — | — | 20.0 | 13.0 | — | — | — | — |
| PANSS score | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11.0 | 12.0 | — | — |
| Number of seizures | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1.0 | 3.0 |
AUD, alcohol use disorder; AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; IQR, interquartile range; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire–9 item; SIP-2R, Short Inventory of Problems–Revised; WHODAS, WHO Disability Assessment Schedule.