Δ Anesthetic Concentration, the change in the anesthetic concentration between induction and emergence, required to respond to tail clamp before and after exposure to ISO or HAL, at 3 weeks post injection of 4-hydroxy tamoxifen. N=6 for control, N=7 for the astrocyte-specific Ndufs4(KO). B. Δ Anesthetic Concentration required to respond to tail clamp before and after exposure to ISO or HAL, at 7 weeks post injection of 4-hydroxy tamoxifen. N=6 for control and the astrocyte-specific Ndufs4(KO). Tests for significance done on the difference between the EC50s for induction and emergence *** p<0.001. The error bars represent SD.