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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Feb 15.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2019 Feb 15;124(4):526–538. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313845

Figure 8. Exosomes from aggregated CPCs reduce fibrotic gene expression and improve tube formation.

Figure 8.

(A) Representative images of exosomes isolated from CPC conditioned media by ultracentrifugation. (B) Fibrotic gene expression in TGF-β stimulated rat cardiac fibroblasts after treatment with 2D or 3D exosome-free conditioned media (Exo−) or purified exosomes (Exo+). N=3 CPC populations. *p≤0.05, **p≤0.01, ***p≤0.001 with one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis. (C) Representative images of blood vessel-like structures formed by human umbilical vein endothelial cells stained with Calcein on Geltrex. Scale bar=100 μm. (D) Total tube length (in pixels) formed by HUVECs treated with growth factor-rich positive control media (+), growth factor-devoid negative control media (−), 2D Exo−, 3D Exo−, 2D Exo+, and 3D Exo+. N=3 CPC populations. *p≤0.05 with one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis.