Table 3. Adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause mortality derived from Cox proportional hazards models according to cancer type.
| Gastric cancer | Colorectal cancer | Lung cancer | ||||||||||
| Partial model | Full model | Partial model | Full model | Partial model | Full model | |||||||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Sex (Ref = female) | ||||||||||||
| Male | 1.22 (0.98–1.51) | 0.073 | 1.21 (0.97–1.49) | 0.090 | 0.99 (0.79–1.24) | 0.90 | 1.00 (0.79–1.25) | 0.97 | 1.63 (1.34–2.00) | <0.001 | 1.57 (1.28–1.92) | <0.001 |
| Age (Ref = <65 years) | ||||||||||||
| 65–69 years | 1.44 (1.06–1.95) | 0.020 | 1.45 (1.07–1.97) | 0.017 | 1.02 (0.72–1.45) | 0.91 | 1.06 (0.75–1.52) | 0.73 | 1.29 (0.98–1.69) | 0.066 | 1.25 (0.96–1.65) | 0.103 |
| 70–74 years | 1.53 (1.13–2.08) | 0.007 | 1.54 (1.13–2.09) | 0.006 | 1.45 (1.01–2.09) | 0.046 | 1.38 (0.96–1.99) | 0.086 | 1.82 (1.39–2.39) | <0.001 | 1.76 (1.34–2.32) | <0.001 |
| 75–79 years | 1.93 (1.42–2.62) | <0.001 | 1.91 (1.41–2.60) | <0.001 | 1.69 (1.20–2.38) | 0.003 | 1.72 (1.22–2.42) | 0.002 | 2.53 (1.93–3.32) | <0.001 | 2.43 (1.85–3.19) | <0.001 |
| ≥80 years | 3.82 (2.83–5.14) | <0.001 | 3.74 (2.77–5.04) | <0.001 | 3.27 (2.35–4.56) | <0.001 | 3.17 (2.27–4.43) | <0.001 | 3.81 (2.87–5.07) | <0.001 | 3.67 (2.76–4.89) | <0.001 |
| Stage at diagnosis (Ref = localized) |
||||||||||||
| Regional to lymph nodes |
5.01 (3.46–7.25) | <0.001 | 5.03 (3.47–7.28) | <0.001 | 2.33 (1.56–3.49) | <0.001 | 2.30 (1.54–3.43) | <0.001 | 5.28 (3.69–7.53) | <0.001 | 5.45 (3.81–7.79) | <0.001 |
| Regional by direct extension |
10.60 (7.52–14.95) | <0.001 | 10.70 (7.59–15.09) | <0.001 | 4.42 (2.95–6.64) | <0.001 | 4.51 (3.00–6.77) | <0.001 | 6.45 (4.53–9.19) | <0.001 | 6.60 (4.63–9.40) | <0.001 |
| Distant | 33.89 (25.15–45.67) | <0.001 | 34.17 (25.35–46.06) | <0.001 | 14.97 (10.67–20.99) | <0.001 | 14.96 (10.66–20.98) | <0.001 | 13.13 (9.73–17.72) | <0.001 | 13.61 (10.07–18.39) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 54.32 (24.31–121.40) | <0.001 | 56.72 (25.36–126.89) | <0.001 | 5.99 (3.35–10.72) | <0.001 | 5.32 (2.96–9.57) | <0.001 | 9.73 (5.79–16.38) | <0.001 | 10.11 (6.00–17.02) | <0.001 |
| CCI score | 1.12 (1.02–1.23)a | 0.020 | 1.20 (1.08–1.34)a | 0.001 | 1.14 (1.04–1.24)a | 0.006 | ||||||
CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; Ref, reference.
All models include the baseline variables of sex, age at diagnosis, and cancer stage at diagnosis. Full models also include the CCI score in addition to the baseline variables.
aExpressed as the hazard ratio per one-point increase in CCI score.