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. 2019 Feb 8;10:63. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00063

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Copyright © 2019 Zotova, Kurishbayev, Jatayev, Goncharov, Shamambayeva, Kashapov, Nuralov, Otemissova, Sereda, Shvidchenko, Lopato, Schramm, Jenkins, Soole, Langridge and Shavrukov.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Expression of the reference gene Ta22845 (ATP-dependent 26S proteasome, regulatory subunit) and target genes, TaDr1, TaVrn1, and TaFT1, in leaves of eight wheat cultivars in response to drought. The expression levels of Ta22845 (A), TaDr1 (B), TaVrn1 (C), and TaFT1 (D) were calculated under drought relative to the corresponding controls in well-watered conditions. Eight wheat cultivars were studied, high-yielding are shown as darker boxes (1. Aktyubinka; 2. Albidum 188; 3. Altayskaya 110; and 4. Saratovskaya 60), and the four low-yielding cultivars are shown as framed light filled boxes (5. Vera; 6. Volgouralskaya; 7. Yugo-Vostochnaya 2; and 8. Zhenis). With the exception of Panel A, expression data were normalized using the averages of two reference genes, Ta22845 and Ta54825 (Actin), and presented as the average ± SE of three biological and two technical replicates for each genotype, experiment and treatment. Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) within each experiment calculated using ANOVA.