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. 2019 Feb 14;9:2018. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-38336-2

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Rosiglitazone treatment reduced inflammatory cytokine secretion in first trimester human placental explant cultures. Cytokine secretion by first trimester human placental explants at 24 hrs of LPS + Rosiglitazone treatment was measured by ELISA. Rosiglitazone treatment significantly downregulated the LPS induced secretion of inflammatory cytokines (A) TNF-α, (B) RANTES, (C) IL-8, (D) IL-1 β and (E) IL-10. n ≥ 12, For analysis data was normalized to tissue weight and PBS treated control to account for tissue to tissue variations. ‘*’ indicates significance at p < 0.05 when compared to the LPS treated group, ^‘#’ indicates significance at p < 0.05 when compared to the PBS control group. Dotted line indicates levels in controls.