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. 2019 Feb 14;9:2026. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38525-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Learning the direction (left panel) from the Far cue (red bars) results in shorter escape latencies compared to learning the direction from the Near cue (blue bars). Learning the distance (right panel) from the Far cue (red bars) results in longer escape latencies compared to learning the distance from the Near cue (blue bars). (b) Platform guesses using directional information (left panel) from the Far cue results in searching along the NW-NE axis (red crosses). Platform guesses using directional information from the Near cue results in searching along the NE-SW axis of the pool (blue crosses). Platform guesses using distance information (right panel) from the Far cue results in searching along the NE-SW axis of the pool (red crosses), while using distance from the Near cue results in searching confined mainly to the NE quadrant (blue crosses). Location of the two cues (Far and Near) represented by the red and blue circles, respectively. (c) Quantification of the platform guesses from (b) demonstrating differences in mean time spent in the NE target region depending on the location of the cue (Near vs Far) and whether direction (dark bars) or distance (light bars) information is used.