Table 4.

 Logistic regression model for cancellation call vs no call for patient who did not adhere with their initial appointment visit (OR refer to odds of cancellation call; N = 1339)

Variable	Odds ratio	95% CI	P values
Age	1.02	1.01–1.03	< 0.001
Female	1.37	1.08–1.74	0.009
Married	1.33	1.00–1.77	0.048
Race
Other race (reference)	1	N/A	N/A
White	1.60	1.09–2.33	0.015
Black	1.06	0.82–1.38	0.64
Decline	0.83	0.58–1.20	0.33
Employment status
Unknown employment status (reference)	1	N/A	N/A
Employed	0.42	0.31–0.57	<0.001
Unemployed	0.48	0.34–0.69	<0.001
Disability	0.09	0.02–0.42	0.002
Retired	0.43	0.19–0.96	0.041
Insurance status
Managed care (reference)	1	N/A	N/A
Medicare	0.87	0.62–1.20	0.39
Medicaid	0.54	0.32–0.92	0.024
Commercial insurance	1.37	0.92–2.05	0.13
Self pay	0.71	0.14–3.66	0.68
Procedure performed	6.45	0.80–51.91	0.08

Note: OR, CI, and P values for subgroup analysis for making cancellation call versus not making call to the pain clinic in a logistic regression model including variables with bivariate baseline testing results of P ≤ 0.25; or variables, such as age, race, and gender, that were selected a priori. For nominal variables like language spoken, race, and employment status, the reference group in the logistic regression models was assigned based on sample size with largest serving as reference (e.g., English language for language, Other race for race, Unknown employment status for employment, Managed care for insurance type). CI = confidence interval; N/A = not applicable.