Table 1.

Trials on implantable hemodynamic monitoring in heart failure patients.

	Name of trial	Type of trial	NYHA functional class	Clinical endpoints	Specific inclusion criteria	Number of patients enrolled	Duration of clinical trial
1.	CHAMPION trial30	Double-blind, randomized control study	III	Reduction in hospitalization	Diagnosis of HF for 3 months with preserved or reduced EF and BMI < 35 kg/m2	550	Until last enrolled patient reached 6 months
2	PAPIRUS trial39	Prospective, multicenter phase I study	III, IV	Home monitoring of PAP was feasible, safe and accepted by patients in every day ambulatory conditions	Age > 18 years and followed regularly in HF clinic for 6 months	31	6 months
3	REDUCE-HF trial41	Prospective, multicenter, single-blind, randomized, parallel-controlled study	II, III	Use of a single chamber AICD with a hemodynamic monitoring system Primary endpoint was met but the rates of hospitalization and urgent care visits did not differ between groups	Age > 18 years and eGFR > 30 ml/min/m2	850	12 months
4	COMPASS-HF trial40	Prospective, multicenter, single-blind randomized, parallel-controlled study	III, IV	Chronicle group had an insignificant 21% lower rate of all HF-related events compared with the control group	Age > 18 years and received optimal medical HF therapy for at least 3 months prior to enrollment	274	6 months
5.	GUIDE-HF trial (ongoing)46	Prospective, multicenter, single-blind randomized, parallel-controlled study	II, III, IV	Recurrent heart failure hospitalization; death from any cause	Age > 18 years; Diagnosis and treatment for HF (regardless of LVEF) for >90 days	3600	5 years

AICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; BMI, body mass index; EF, ejection fraction; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HF, heart failure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PAP, pulmonary artery pressure.