Table 2.
Primary and secondary patient reported outcomes at baseline and follow-up. Data are mean (standard deviation, n) unless otherwise indicated.
| Outcome | Baseline |
Follow-up |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Four months |
Six months |
12 months |
||||||||
| REACH-HF | Control | REACH-HF | Control | REACH-HF | Control | REACH-HF | Control | Between-group difference | p value | |
| MLHFQ | ||||||||||
| Overall | 32.8 (23.8, 107) | 28.3 (22, 109) | 22.7 (18.4, 96) | 27.8 (23.2, 100) | 28.8 (20.5, 90) | 29.5 (21.8, 94) | 24.1 (20.9, 92) | 27.5 (23.2, 93) | –5.7 (–10.6 to –0.7) | 0.025 |
| Physical | 16.5 (11.5, 107) | 14.7 (11.2, 109) | 11.7 (9.0, 96) | 14.5 (11.3, 100) | 14.7 (10.7, 90) | 14.9 (11.2, 94) | 12.2 (10.8, 92) | 14.5 (11.8, 93) | –3.2 (–5.7 to –0.6) | 0.016 |
| Emotional | 7.7 (7.3, 107) | 6.8 (6.6, 109) | 4.8 (5.8, 96) | 6.4 (6.9, 100) | 6.2 (6.2, 90) | 6.8 (6.8, 94) | 5.1 (5.8, 92) | 5.5 (6.4, 93) | –0.8 (–2.2 to 0.6) | 0.273 |
| HADS | ||||||||||
| Anxiety | 5.1 (4.4, 107) | 5.7 (4.3, 109) | 4.4 (3.9, 95) | 5.2 (4.2, 101) | 4.7 (3.7, 89) | 5.4 (4.3, 94) | 4.2 (3.8, 88) | 4.7 (4.5, 92) | 0.1 (–0.8 to 1.0) | 0.829 |
| Depression | 4.4 (3.5, 107) | 4.6 (3.3, 109) | 3.6 (2.7, 95) | 4.5 (3.5, 101) | 4.6 (3.2, 89) | 4.7 (3.6, 94) | 3.6 (3.1, 88) | 3.9 (3.4, 92) | –0.2 (–1.1 to 0.6) | 0.563 |
| HeartQoL | ||||||||||
| Global | 1.8 (0.7, 107) | 1.8 (0.7, 109) | 2.0 (0.7, 95) | 1.9 (0.8, 101) | 1.8 (0.8, 89) | 1.8 (0.8, 91) | 1.9 (0.8, 88) | 1.9 (0.9, 92) | 0.0 (–0.2 to 0.2) | 0.823 |
| Physical | 1.7 (0.8, 107) | 1.7 (0.8, 109) | 1.9 (0.8, 95) | 1.7 (0.9, 101) | 1.6 (0.8, 90) | 1.7 (0.9, 92) | 1.8 (0.9, 88) | 1.7 (0.9, 92) | 0.0 (–0.2 to 0.2) | 0.869 |
| Emotional | 2.1 (0.9, 107) | 2.2 (0.8, 109) | 2.3 (0.8, 95) | 2.2 (0.8, 101) | 2.2 (0.8, 89) | 2.1 (0.8, 93) | 2.3 (0.8, 88) | 2.3 (0.8, 92) | 0.0 (–0.2 to 0.3) | 0.683 |
| EQ-5D-3L | 0.739 (0.234, 106) | 0.723 (0.236, 108) | 0.758 (0.223, 95) | 0.753 (0.219, 101) | 0.708 (0.265, 88) | 0.733 (0.217, 92) | 0.752 (0.240, 88) | 0.739 (0.263, 92) | –0.024 (–0.091 to 0.044) | 0.487 |
| EQ-5D VAS (0 to 100) | 69 (20), 97 | 71 (20), 97 | 73 (17), 90 | 74 (17), 93 | 72 (18), 80 | 70 (19), 85 | 74 (18), 85 | 73 (22), 84 | 1 (–5 to 6) | 0.859 |
| SCHFI | ||||||||||
| Maintenance | 55.8 (16.5, 107) | 54.5 (14.5, 109) | 68.3 (13.6, 96) | 55.7 (17.0, 101) | 65.4 (14.4, 89) | 54.7 (16.0, 94) | 63.8 (17.0, 87) | 55.2 (16.8, 92) | 8.0 (3.6 to 12.4) | <0.001 |
| Management | 43.1 (25.9, 47) | 40.4 (21, 59) | 46.8 (24.2, 33) | 42.0 (21.0, 48) | 52.1 (18.8, 42) | 41.9 (21.6, 37) | 53.8 (23.4, 39) | 43.4 (20.1, 40) | 9.4 (–4.0 to 22.8) | 0.165 |
| Confidence | 61.7 (25.0, 107) | 65.3 (23.8, 108) | 67.0 (22.3, 94) | 64.7 (21.7, 101) | 65.4 (22.8, 85) | 62.5 (22.7, 93) | 70.3 (21.8, 88) | 66.4 (21.3, 92) | 5.6 (–0.1 to 11.3) | 0.056 |
EQ-5D-3L: three level version of five-dimension EuroQol scale; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; MLHFQ: Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; REACH-HF: Rehabilitation EnAblement in CHronic Heart Failure; SCHFI: Self-Care of Heart Failure Index; VAS: visual analogue scale