Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Type 2 Clusters
| Characteristic | Healthy Control Subjects (n = 27) | T2-Low Asthma (n = 35) | T2-High Asthma (n = 34) | T2-Ultrahigh Asthma (n = 15) | P Value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 37.9 (12.1) | 37.4 (12.8) | 40.1 (14.3) | 51.5 (18.5) | 0.009 |
| ICS, n (%) | N/A | 15 (43) | 23 (68) | 11 (73) | 0.02 |
| Female, n (%) | 17 (63) | 21 (60) | 19 (56) | 11 (73) | 0.59 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.4 (6.5) | 29.6 (6.1) | 30.7(7.6) | 26.0 (5.4) | 0.31 |
| FEV1, % predicted | 98.0 (12.7) | 83.0 (15.4) | 79.3 (15.1) | 73.5 (12.5) | <0.001 |
| FVC, % predicted | 98.8 (15.0) | 96.6 (16.1) | 94.2 (17.0) | 85.9 (15.2) | 0.06 |
| Blood cell counts, ×106/L, median (IQR) | |||||
| Neutrophils | 3.3 (2.9–4.5) | 4.2 (3.4–5.0) | 3.8 (3.3–4.8) | 3.6 (2.7–4.0) | 0.05 |
| Eosinophils | 90 (60–170) | 160 (110–250) | 290 (250–350) | 470 (390–550) | <0.001 |
| Sputum cells, %, median (IQR) | |||||
| Neutrophils | 29 (18–36) | 23 (11–31) | 24 (15–35) | 36 (24–48) | 0.05 |
| Eosinophils | 0 (0–0.1) | 0.2 (0–0.6) | 2.0 (0.9–4.3) | 7.3 (4.0–13.2) | <0.001 |
| FeNO† | 15.9 (11.9) | 32.0 (35.1) | 40.6 (29.7) | 52.4 (33.2) | 0.09 |
| Blood IgE, median (IQR)‡ | 16 (7–57) | 65 (37–319) | 318 (96–741) | 113 (63–248) | 0.3 |
| T2GM | −0.58 (0.33) | −0.54 (0.27) | 0.31 (0.43) | 1.60 (1.30) | <0.001 |
| ACT score, median (IQR)§ | N/A | 20 (17–22) | 19.5 (16–22) | 18 (16–21) | 0.71 |
Definition of abbreviations: ACT = Asthma Control Test; BMI = body mass index; FeNO = fractional exhaled nitric oxide; ICS = inhaled corticosteriods; IQR = interquartile range; N/A = not applicable; T2 = type 2; T2GM = type 2 gene mean.
Data are reported as mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated.
*
P values for association based on univariate ordinal logistic regression modeling in the subjects with asthma.
†
FeNO was available for 55 subjects with asthma.
‡
Blood IgE was available for 67 subjects with asthma.
§
ACT score was available for 71 subjects with asthma.