Table 1.
Demographic, Anthropometric, and Plasma Biochemical Characteristics of Subjects
| Characteristic | Male(n = 49,789) | Female(n = 59,762) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age(mean, SD),years | 59.15 ± 11.150 | 59.30 ± 10.894 | 0.028 |
| Age, years | |||
| 40~49 | 11,842 (23.8) | 13,095 (21.9) | < 0.001 |
| 50~59 | 13,872 (27.9) | 17,504 (29.3) | |
| ≥ 60 | 24,075 (48.4) | 29,163 (48.8) | |
| Education | |||
| Primary school and below | 17,504 (35.2) | 28,786 (8.2) | < 0.001 |
| Middle school | 19,277 (38.7) | 19,018 (31.8) | |
| High school or the equivalent | 8339 (16.7) | 8623 (14.4) | |
| University or other tertiary degree | 4669 (9.4) | 3335 (5.6) | |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 47,467 (95.3) | 54,729 (91.6) | < 0.001 |
| Single or divorced | 1001 (2.0) | 844 (1.4) | |
| Widowed | 1321 (2.7) | 4189 (7.0) | |
| Physical activitya | 37,637 (75.6) | 44,241 (74.0) | < 0.001 |
| Smokers | 21,378 (42.9) | 2196 (3.7) | < 0.001 |
| Drinkers | 13,581 (27.3) | 1485 (2.5) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6799 (13.7) | 9000 (15.1) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of diabetes mellitus | 2904 (5.8) | 3839 (6.4) | < 0.001 |
| Anti-diabetic medication in two weeks | 4282 (8.6) | 5663 (9.5) | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index(mean, SD) | 24.87 ± 3.520 | 24.90 ± 3.809 | 0.306 |
| Waistline (cm) (mean, SD) | 87.55 ± 10.45 | 84.19 ± 10.45 | < 0.001 |
| Waist circumference(cm)(NCEP ATPIII and AHA/NHLBI)b | 3608 (7.2) | 20,215 (33.8) | < 0.001 |
| Waist circumference(cm)(IDF)c | 19,964 (40.1) | 40,999 (68.6) | < 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure(mmHg) | 134.94 ± 18.47 | 134.00 ± 19.85 | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure(mmHg) | 83.23 ± 11.30 | 81.44 ± 11.21 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides(mmol/l) | 1.76 ± 1.36 | 1.73 ± 1.18 | 0.003 |
| Total cholesterol(mmol/l) | 4.77 ± 1.09 | 5.01 ± 1.15 | < 0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol(mmol/l) | 1.43 ± 0.61 | 1.50 ± 0.57 | < 0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol(mmol/l) | 2.80 ± 0.93 | 2.92 ± 0.97 | < 0.001 |
| Fasting glucose(mmol/L) | 5.76 ± 1.76 | 5.75 ± 1.77 | 0.292 |
| Fasting glucose(mmol/l)(NCEP ATP III)d | 11,353 (22.8) | 13,242 (22.2) | 0.011 |
| Fasting glucose(mmol/l)(AHA/NHLBI and IDF)e | 19,846 (39.9) | 23,158 (38.8) | < 0.001 |
aTimes of physical activity≥3/weeks and ≥ 30 min/times or the person is an industrial/argricular labor; bwaist circumference ≥ 102 cm in male and ≥ 88 cm in female; c waist circumference ≥ 90 cm in male and ≥ 80 cm in female; dfasting glucose level of ≥5.6 mmol/L; efasting glucose level of ≥6.1 mmol/L
SD standard deviation, NCEP ATPIII National Cholesterol Education Program Third Adult Treatment Panel, AHA/NHLBI American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, IDF International Diabetes Federation, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL-low density lipoprotein