Table 4.

Clinical factors associated with all-cause mortality in the entire cohort (multivariate analysis)

Variables	HR	95% CI	P value
BMI, kg/m2	0.885	0.806–0.972	0.010
Smoking history, pack-years	0.993	0.977–1.009	0.367
aT4 level muscle index, cm2/m2	0.955	0.913–0.998	0.041
bT12 level muscle index, cm2/m2	0.980	0.856–1.121	0.766
GAP Score	1.450	1.169–1.760	0.001

Data are presented as Hazard Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals)

Abbreviations: BMI Body Mass Index, GAP gender, age, and physiologic variables

^aT4 level muscle index = CSA of pectoralis, intercostalis, paraspinals, serratus, and latissimus muscles at T4 level/height²

^bT12 level muscle index = CSA of erector spinae muscle at T12 level/height²