Table 1.
Subject characteristics at baseline by treatment group
| Variable | Vitamin D Therapy (N = 24) | Placebo (N = 26) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 63.0 (5.8) | 63.6 (7.2) |
| Females, n (%) | 17 (70.8) | 20 (76.9) |
| Index knee, n (% Right) | 14 (58.3) | 15 (57.7) |
| Height (m2) | 1.68 (0.09) | 1.68 (0.10) |
| Weight (kg) | 79.2 (10.1) | 82.1 (17.0) |
| Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) | 28.2 (4.0) | 29.2 (5.6) |
| Serum vitamin D3 (μg/L) | 26.6 (8.5) | 25.3 (8.7) |
| Vitamin D deficient (< 20 μg/L), n (%) | 6 (25) | 7 (27) |
| Worst Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) gradea (medial/lateral) in index knee | ||
| Grade 1, n (%) | 6 (25.0) | 2 (7.7) |
| Grade 2, n (%) | 8 (33.3) | 14 (53.9) |
| Grade 3, n (%) | 8 (33.3) | 8 (30.8) |
| Grade 4, n (%) | 2 (8.3) | 2 (7.7) |
| WOMACb pain score | 29.4 (15.6) | 34.3 (19.5) |
| WOMAC stiffness score | 45.3 (22.9) | 50.4 (22.4) |
| WOMAC function score | 33.0 (20.4) | 38.6 (21.2) |
| WOMAC total score | 33.3 (18.8) | 38.7 (19.9) |
| Synovial tissue volume (mm3) | 11,879.8 (7112.3) | 12,646.6 (5305.5) |
| Total Subchondral BML volume (mm3) | 7159.1 (7739.2) | 5765.6 (8839.8) |
Results are shown as mean (SD) or frequencies (%) unless stated otherwise
a Worst KL score was defined as the maximum score across the medial and lateral sites for the index knee
b Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire using a visual analogue scale (VAS) to score pain, function, stiffness and total (sum of score outcomes) from 0 to 100 (0 = no pain / disability, 100 = high pain / disability)